From Proto-Finnic *lapido, related to Estonian labidas, Karelian labju, Veps labid and Votic lappia. Possibly borrowed from a Balto-Slavic language; compare Proto-Slavic *lopata (“shovel, spade”), Lithuanian lópeta (“shovel”), Latvian lâpsta (“shovel, spade”) and Old Prussian lopto (“spade”). Also theorized to be equivalent to lapa (“wide, flat blade of a tool”) + -io, but this is phonologically less tenable.
lapio
No strict distinction between shovels and spades occurs in Finnish. The term lapio can be used for any tool consisting of a flat blade attached to a handle that is used for digging and/or carrying material. Compound words are used for more specific uses, like istutuslapio (“(gardening) trowel”), laastilapio (“(mortar) trowel”), lumilapio (“snow shovel”), pistolapio (“shovel (with a pointed tip)”) or puutarhalapio (“gardening spade”).
Inflection of lapio (Kotus type 3/valtio, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | lapio | lapiot | |
genitive | lapion | lapioiden lapioitten | |
partitive | lapiota | lapioita | |
illative | lapioon | lapioihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | lapio | lapiot | |
accusative | nom. | lapio | lapiot |
gen. | lapion | ||
genitive | lapion | lapioiden lapioitten | |
partitive | lapiota | lapioita | |
inessive | lapiossa | lapioissa | |
elative | lapiosta | lapioista | |
illative | lapioon | lapioihin | |
adessive | lapiolla | lapioilla | |
ablative | lapiolta | lapioilta | |
allative | lapiolle | lapioille | |
essive | lapiona | lapioina | |
translative | lapioksi | lapioiksi | |
abessive | lapiotta | lapioitta | |
instructive | — | lapioin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
From English lap (“wrap”) + -io.
lapio (first-person singular present lapiaf, not mutable)
singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
present indicative/future | lapiaf | lepi | lapia | lapiwn | lepiwch, lapiwch | lapiant | lepir | |
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | lapiwn | lepit | lapiai | lapiem | lapiech | lapient | lepid | |
preterite | lepiais | lepiaist | lapiodd | lapiasom | lapiasoch | lapiasant | lapiwyd | |
pluperfect | lapiaswn | lapiasit | lapiasai | lapiasem | lapiasech | lapiasent | lapiasid, lapiesid | |
present subjunctive | lapiwyf | lepiech | lapio | lapiom | lapioch | lapiont | lapier | |
imperative | — | lapia | lapied | lapiwn | lepiwch, lapiwch | lapient | lapier | |
verbal noun | lapio | |||||||
verbal adjectives | lapiedig lapiadwy |
inflected colloquial forms |
singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
future | lapia i, lapiaf i |
lapi di | lapith o/e/hi, lapiff e/hi |
lapiwn ni | lapiwch chi | lapian nhw |
conditional | lapiwn i, lapswn i |
lapiet ti, lapset ti |
lapiai fo/fe/hi, lapsai fo/fe/hi |
lapien ni, lapsen ni |
lapiech chi, lapsech chi |
lapien nhw, lapsen nhw |
preterite | lapiais i, lapies i |
lapiaist ti, lapiest ti |
lapiodd o/e/hi | lapion ni | lapioch chi | lapion nhw |
imperative | — | lapia | — | — | lapiwch | — |