ljúga

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See also: ljuga, leogan, and ljúğa

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse ljúga (“to lie”), from Proto-Germanic *leuganą, from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-.

Pronunciation

Verb

ljúga (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative laug, third-person plural past indicative lugu, supine logið)

  1. (transitive, intransitive, governs the dative) to lie, to tell lies
    • Colossians 3:9
      Ljúgið ekki hver að öðrum, því þér hafið afklæðst hinum gamla manni með gjörðum hans.
      Do not lie to each other, since you have taken off your old self with its practices.
    Hún lýgur alltaf að mér.
    She's always lying to me.
    Ertu að ljúga?
    Are you lying?
    Að ljúga til nafns.
    To lie about one's name.
    Hún laug því að honum að hún væri ógift.
    She lied to him about being unmarried.
    Ég er á þrettán bíla. — Þú lýgur því!
    I own thirteen cars. — That's a lie!
    Hann lýgur því að hann eigi bíl.
    He's lying about having a car.
  2. (transitive, governs the accusative) to lie to someone, to tell lies to someone
    Stjórnmálamenn hafa logið þig fullan!
    Politicians have filled you with lies!
  3. (transitive, governs the dative) to lie about something, to tell lies about something

Conjugation

ljúga — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að ljúga
supine
(sagnbót) 		logið
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		ljúgandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég lýg við ljúgum present
(nútíð) 		ég ljúgi við ljúgum
þú lýgur þið ljúgið þú ljúgir þið ljúgið
hann, hún, það lýgur þeir, þær, þau ljúga hann, hún, það ljúgi þeir, þær, þau ljúgi
past
(þátíð) 		ég laug við lugum past
(þátíð) 		ég lygi við lygjum
þú laugst þið luguð þú lygir þið lygjuð
hann, hún, það laug þeir, þær, þau lugu hann, hún, það lygi þeir, þær, þau lygju
imperative
(boðháttur) 		ljúg (þú) ljúgið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
ljúgðu ljúgiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
loginn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		loginn login logið lognir lognar login
accusative
(þolfall) 		loginn logna logið logna lognar login
dative
(þágufall) 		lognum loginni lognu lognum lognum lognum
genitive
(eignarfall) 		logins loginnar logins loginna loginna loginna
weak declension
(veik beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		logni logna logna lognu lognu lognu
accusative
(þolfall) 		logna lognu logna lognu lognu lognu
dative
(þágufall) 		logna lognu logna lognu lognu lognu
genitive
(eignarfall) 		logna lognu logna lognu lognu lognu

Derived terms

Derived terms

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *leuganą. Cognates with Old English lēoġan (Modern English lie), Old Saxon liogan, Dutch liegen, Old High German liogan (German lügen), Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (liugan). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-. Indo-European cognates include Lithuanian lūgoti.

Verb

ljúga

  1. to lie, to tell lies

Conjugation

Conjugation of ljúga — active (strong class 2)
infinitive ljúga
present participle ljúgandi
past participle loginn
indicative present past
1st-person singular lýg ló, laug
2nd-person singular lýgr lótt, laugt
3rd-person singular lýgr ló, laug
1st-person plural ljúgum lugum
2nd-person plural ljúgið luguð
3rd-person plural ljúga lugu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular ljúga lyga
2nd-person singular ljúgir lygir
3rd-person singular ljúgi lygi
1st-person plural ljúgim lygim
2nd-person plural ljúgið lygið
3rd-person plural ljúgi lygi
imperative present
2nd-person singular ljúg
1st-person plural ljúgum
2nd-person plural ljúgið
Conjugation of ljúga — mediopassive (strong class 2)
infinitive ljúgask
present participle ljúgandisk
past participle logizk
indicative present past
1st-person singular ljúgumk lugumk
2nd-person singular lýgsk lózk, laugzk
3rd-person singular lýgsk lósk, laugsk
1st-person plural ljúgumsk lugumsk
2nd-person plural ljúgizk luguzk
3rd-person plural ljúgask lugusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular ljúgumk lygumk
2nd-person singular ljúgisk lygisk
3rd-person singular ljúgisk lygisk
1st-person plural ljúgimsk lygimsk
2nd-person plural ljúgizk lygizk
3rd-person plural ljúgisk lygisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular ljúgsk
1st-person plural ljúgumsk
2nd-person plural ljúgizk

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