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per- -an. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
per- -an, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
per- -an in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
per- -an you have here. The definition of the word
per- -an will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
per- -an, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Indonesian
Etymology
From Malay per- -an, from Classical Malay per- -an, from Proto-Austronesian .
Pronunciation
Circumfix
per- -an
- -hood; appended to a noun to form a new noun denoting a group sharing a specified condition or state.
- budak (“slave”) → perbudakan (“slavehood”)
- saudara (“sibling”) → persaudaraan (“brotherhood”)
- -ship; appended to a noun to form a new noun denoting a property or state of being, time spent in a role, or a specialised union.
- teman (“friend”) → pertemanan (“friendship”)
- having to do with , affairs dealing with
- buruh (“worker”) → perburuhan (“labour”)
- kebun (“garden”) → perkebunan (“horticulture”)
- rumah (“house”) → perumahan (“housing”)
- sekutu (“ally”) → persekutuan (“alliance”)
- undang-undang (“law”) → perundang-undangan (“legislation”)
- a collection of
- air (“water”) → perairan (“area of water”)
- alat (“tool”) → peralatan (“equipment”)
- bukit (“hill”) → perbukitan (“hill tract”)
- buruh (“worker”) → perburuhan (“workforce”)
- hotel (“hotel”) → perhotelan (“hotel”)
- kebun (“garden”) → perkebunan (“plantation”)
- muka (“surface”, literally “face”) → permukaan (“surface”)
- rumah (“house”) → perumahan (“housing”)
- the process or result of the action referred to by the verb
- ajar (“to teach”) → pelajaran (“lesson”)
- gerak (“to move”) → pergerakan (“movement”)
- kerja (“to work”) → pekerjaan (“work”)
- the act of doing what the verb
- atur (“to regulate”) → peraturan (“regulation”)
- coba (“to try”) → percobaan (“attempt, experiment”)
- ingat (“to remember”) → peringatan (“warning”)
- tolong (“to help”) → pertolongan (“help, assistance”)
- the place or location where the action of the verb
- cetak (“to print”) → percetakan (“printing press”)
- judi (“to gamble”) → perjudian (“gambling den”)
- (unproductive) road intersection
- tiga (“three”) → pertigaan (“three-way intersection”)
- empat (“four”) → perempatan (“crossroad”)
- lima (“five”) → perlimaan (“five-way intersection”)
Derived terms
References
- Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa (2017) Tata Bahasa Baku Bahasa Indonesia [Standard Grammar of Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), 4 edition, Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, archived from the original on 13 June 2022
- James N. Sneddon (2010) Indonesian : a comprehensive grammar, 2 edition, London: Roultedge, →ISBN, →OCLC