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Zulu
Verb
-phoqa
- (transitive) to compel, to force
- (transitive) to rape, to ravish
- Synonym: -dlwengula
- (transitive) to accuse falsely
Inflection
Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukuphoqa
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuphoqa
|
ukungaphoqi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
phoqa
|
-phoqe
|
Plural
|
phoqani
|
-phoqeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyaphoqa, ngiphoqa
|
engiphoqayo, engiphoqa
|
ngiphoqa
|
angiphoqi
|
engingaphoqi
|
ngingaphoqi
|
2nd singular
|
uyaphoqa, uphoqa
|
ophoqayo, ophoqa
|
uphoqa
|
awuphoqi
|
ongaphoqi
|
ungaphoqi
|
1st plural
|
siyaphoqa, siphoqa
|
esiphoqayo, esiphoqa
|
siphoqa
|
asiphoqi
|
esingaphoqi
|
singaphoqi
|
2nd plural
|
niyaphoqa, niphoqa
|
eniphoqayo, eniphoqa
|
niphoqa
|
aniphoqi
|
eningaphoqi
|
ningaphoqi
|
Class 1
|
uyaphoqa, uphoqa
|
ophoqayo, ophoqa
|
ephoqa
|
akaphoqi
|
ongaphoqi
|
engaphoqi
|
Class 2
|
bayaphoqa, baphoqa
|
abaphoqayo, abaphoqa
|
bephoqa
|
abaphoqi
|
abangaphoqi
|
bengaphoqi
|
Class 3
|
uyaphoqa, uphoqa
|
ophoqayo, ophoqa
|
uphoqa
|
awuphoqi
|
ongaphoqi
|
ungaphoqi
|
Class 4
|
iyaphoqa, iphoqa
|
ephoqayo, ephoqa
|
iphoqa
|
ayiphoqi
|
engaphoqi
|
ingaphoqi
|
Class 5
|
liyaphoqa, liphoqa
|
eliphoqayo, eliphoqa
|
liphoqa
|
aliphoqi
|
elingaphoqi
|
lingaphoqi
|
Class 6
|
ayaphoqa, aphoqa
|
aphoqayo, aphoqa
|
ephoqa
|
awaphoqi
|
angaphoqi
|
engaphoqi
|
Class 7
|
siyaphoqa, siphoqa
|
esiphoqayo, esiphoqa
|
siphoqa
|
asiphoqi
|
esingaphoqi
|
singaphoqi
|
Class 8
|
ziyaphoqa, ziphoqa
|
eziphoqayo, eziphoqa
|
ziphoqa
|
aziphoqi
|
ezingaphoqi
|
zingaphoqi
|
Class 9
|
iyaphoqa, iphoqa
|
ephoqayo, ephoqa
|
iphoqa
|
ayiphoqi
|
engaphoqi
|
ingaphoqi
|
Class 10
|
ziyaphoqa, ziphoqa
|
eziphoqayo, eziphoqa
|
ziphoqa
|
aziphoqi
|
ezingaphoqi
|
zingaphoqi
|
Class 11
|
luyaphoqa, luphoqa
|
oluphoqayo, oluphoqa
|
luphoqa
|
aluphoqi
|
olungaphoqi
|
lungaphoqi
|
Class 14
|
buyaphoqa, buphoqa
|
obuphoqayo, obuphoqa
|
buphoqa
|
abuphoqi
|
obungaphoqi
|
bungaphoqi
|
Class 15
|
kuyaphoqa, kuphoqa
|
okuphoqayo, okuphoqa
|
kuphoqa
|
akuphoqi
|
okungaphoqi
|
kungaphoqi
|
Class 17
|
kuyaphoqa, kuphoqa
|
okuphoqayo, okuphoqa
|
kuphoqa
|
akuphoqi
|
okungaphoqi
|
kungaphoqi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiphoqile, ngiphoqē
|
engiphoqile, engiphoqē
|
ngiphoqile, ngiphoqē
|
angiphoqanga
|
engingaphoqanga
|
ngingaphoqanga
|
2nd singular
|
uphoqile, uphoqē
|
ophoqile, ophoqē
|
uphoqile, uphoqē
|
awuphoqanga
|
ongaphoqanga
|
ungaphoqanga
|
1st plural
|
siphoqile, siphoqē
|
esiphoqile, esiphoqē
|
siphoqile, siphoqē
|
asiphoqanga
|
esingaphoqanga
|
singaphoqanga
|
2nd plural
|
niphoqile, niphoqē
|
eniphoqile, eniphoqē
|
niphoqile, niphoqē
|
aniphoqanga
|
eningaphoqanga
|
ningaphoqanga
|
Class 1
|
uphoqile, uphoqē
|
ophoqile, ophoqē
|
ephoqile, ephoqē
|
akaphoqanga
|
ongaphoqanga
|
engaphoqanga
|
Class 2
|
baphoqile, baphoqē
|
abaphoqile, abaphoqē
|
bephoqile, bephoqē
|
abaphoqanga
|
abangaphoqanga
|
bengaphoqanga
|
Class 3
|
uphoqile, uphoqē
|
ophoqile, ophoqē
|
uphoqile, uphoqē
|
awuphoqanga
|
ongaphoqanga
|
ungaphoqanga
|
Class 4
|
iphoqile, iphoqē
|
ephoqile, ephoqē
|
iphoqile, iphoqē
|
ayiphoqanga
|
engaphoqanga
|
ingaphoqanga
|
Class 5
|
liphoqile, liphoqē
|
eliphoqile, eliphoqē
|
liphoqile, liphoqē
|
aliphoqanga
|
elingaphoqanga
|
lingaphoqanga
|
Class 6
|
aphoqile, aphoqē
|
aphoqile, aphoqē
|
ephoqile, ephoqē
|
awaphoqanga
|
angaphoqanga
|
engaphoqanga
|
Class 7
|
siphoqile, siphoqē
|
esiphoqile, esiphoqē
|
siphoqile, siphoqē
|
asiphoqanga
|
esingaphoqanga
|
singaphoqanga
|
Class 8
|
ziphoqile, ziphoqē
|
eziphoqile, eziphoqē
|
ziphoqile, ziphoqē
|
aziphoqanga
|
ezingaphoqanga
|
zingaphoqanga
|
Class 9
|
iphoqile, iphoqē
|
ephoqile, ephoqē
|
iphoqile, iphoqē
|
ayiphoqanga
|
engaphoqanga
|
ingaphoqanga
|
Class 10
|
ziphoqile, ziphoqē
|
eziphoqile, eziphoqē
|
ziphoqile, ziphoqē
|
aziphoqanga
|
ezingaphoqanga
|
zingaphoqanga
|
Class 11
|
luphoqile, luphoqē
|
oluphoqile, oluphoqē
|
luphoqile, luphoqē
|
aluphoqanga
|
olungaphoqanga
|
lungaphoqanga
|
Class 14
|
buphoqile, buphoqē
|
obuphoqile, obuphoqē
|
buphoqile, buphoqē
|
abuphoqanga
|
obungaphoqanga
|
bungaphoqanga
|
Class 15
|
kuphoqile, kuphoqē
|
okuphoqile, okuphoqē
|
kuphoqile, kuphoqē
|
akuphoqanga
|
okungaphoqanga
|
kungaphoqanga
|
Class 17
|
kuphoqile, kuphoqē
|
okuphoqile, okuphoqē
|
kuphoqile, kuphoqē
|
akuphoqanga
|
okungaphoqanga
|
kungaphoqanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāphoqa
|
engāphoqa
|
ngāphoqa
|
angiphoqanga
|
engingaphoqanga
|
ngingaphoqanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāphoqa
|
owāphoqa
|
wāphoqa
|
awuphoqanga
|
ongaphoqanga
|
ungaphoqanga
|
1st plural
|
sāphoqa
|
esāphoqa
|
sāphoqa
|
asiphoqanga
|
esingaphoqanga
|
singaphoqanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāphoqa
|
enāphoqa
|
nāphoqa
|
aniphoqanga
|
eningaphoqanga
|
ningaphoqanga
|
Class 1
|
wāphoqa
|
owāphoqa
|
āphoqa
|
akaphoqanga
|
ongaphoqanga
|
engaphoqanga
|
Class 2
|
bāphoqa
|
abāphoqa
|
bāphoqa
|
abaphoqanga
|
abangaphoqanga
|
bengaphoqanga
|
Class 3
|
wāphoqa
|
owāphoqa
|
wāphoqa
|
awuphoqanga
|
ongaphoqanga
|
ungaphoqanga
|
Class 4
|
yāphoqa
|
eyāphoqa
|
yāphoqa
|
ayiphoqanga
|
engaphoqanga
|
ingaphoqanga
|
Class 5
|
lāphoqa
|
elāphoqa
|
lāphoqa
|
aliphoqanga
|
elingaphoqanga
|
lingaphoqanga
|
Class 6
|
āphoqa
|
āphoqa
|
āphoqa
|
awaphoqanga
|
angaphoqanga
|
engaphoqanga
|
Class 7
|
sāphoqa
|
esāphoqa
|
sāphoqa
|
asiphoqanga
|
esingaphoqanga
|
singaphoqanga
|
Class 8
|
zāphoqa
|
ezāphoqa
|
zāphoqa
|
aziphoqanga
|
ezingaphoqanga
|
zingaphoqanga
|
Class 9
|
yāphoqa
|
eyāphoqa
|
yāphoqa
|
ayiphoqanga
|
engaphoqanga
|
ingaphoqanga
|
Class 10
|
zāphoqa
|
ezāphoqa
|
zāphoqa
|
aziphoqanga
|
ezingaphoqanga
|
zingaphoqanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāphoqa
|
olwāphoqa
|
lwāphoqa
|
aluphoqanga
|
olungaphoqanga
|
lungaphoqanga
|
Class 14
|
bāphoqa
|
obāphoqa
|
bāphoqa
|
abuphoqanga
|
obungaphoqanga
|
bungaphoqanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāphoqa
|
okwāphoqa
|
kwāphoqa
|
akuphoqanga
|
okungaphoqanga
|
kungaphoqanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāphoqa
|
okwāphoqa
|
kwāphoqa
|
akuphoqanga
|
okungaphoqanga
|
kungaphoqanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingaphoqa
|
—
|
ngingaphoqa
|
ngingephoqe
|
—
|
ngingephoqe
|
2nd singular
|
ungaphoqa
|
—
|
ungaphoqa
|
ungephoqe
|
—
|
ungephoqe
|
1st plural
|
singaphoqa
|
—
|
singaphoqa
|
singephoqe
|
—
|
singephoqe
|
2nd plural
|
ningaphoqa
|
—
|
ningaphoqa
|
ningephoqe
|
—
|
ningephoqe
|
Class 1
|
angaphoqa
|
—
|
engaphoqa
|
angephoqe
|
—
|
engephoqe
|
Class 2
|
bangaphoqa
|
—
|
bengaphoqa
|
bangephoqe
|
—
|
bengephoqe
|
Class 3
|
ungaphoqa
|
—
|
ungaphoqa
|
ungephoqe
|
—
|
ungephoqe
|
Class 4
|
ingaphoqa
|
—
|
ingaphoqa
|
ingephoqe
|
—
|
ingephoqe
|
Class 5
|
lingaphoqa
|
—
|
lingaphoqa
|
lingephoqe
|
—
|
lingephoqe
|
Class 6
|
angaphoqa
|
—
|
engaphoqa
|
angephoqe
|
—
|
engephoqe
|
Class 7
|
singaphoqa
|
—
|
singaphoqa
|
singephoqe
|
—
|
singephoqe
|
Class 8
|
zingaphoqa
|
—
|
zingaphoqa
|
zingephoqe
|
—
|
zingephoqe
|
Class 9
|
ingaphoqa
|
—
|
ingaphoqa
|
ingephoqe
|
—
|
ingephoqe
|
Class 10
|
zingaphoqa
|
—
|
zingaphoqa
|
zingephoqe
|
—
|
zingephoqe
|
Class 11
|
lungaphoqa
|
—
|
lungaphoqa
|
lungephoqe
|
—
|
lungephoqe
|
Class 14
|
bungaphoqa
|
—
|
bungaphoqa
|
bungephoqe
|
—
|
bungephoqe
|
Class 15
|
kungaphoqa
|
—
|
kungaphoqa
|
kungephoqe
|
—
|
kungephoqe
|
Class 17
|
kungaphoqa
|
—
|
kungaphoqa
|
kungephoqe
|
—
|
kungephoqe
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizophoqa
|
engizophoqa
|
ngizophoqa
|
angizuphoqa
|
engingezuphoqa
|
ngingezuphoqa
|
2nd singular
|
uzophoqa
|
ozophoqa
|
uzophoqa
|
awuzuphoqa
|
ongezuphoqa
|
ungezuphoqa
|
1st plural
|
sizophoqa
|
esizophoqa
|
sizophoqa
|
asizuphoqa
|
esingezuphoqa
|
singezuphoqa
|
2nd plural
|
nizophoqa
|
enizophoqa
|
nizophoqa
|
anizuphoqa
|
eningezuphoqa
|
ningezuphoqa
|
Class 1
|
uzophoqa
|
ozophoqa
|
ezophoqa
|
akazuphoqa
|
ongezuphoqa
|
engezuphoqa
|
Class 2
|
bazophoqa
|
abazophoqa
|
bezophoqa
|
abazuphoqa
|
abangezuphoqa
|
bengezuphoqa
|
Class 3
|
uzophoqa
|
ozophoqa
|
uzophoqa
|
awuzuphoqa
|
ongezuphoqa
|
ungezuphoqa
|
Class 4
|
izophoqa
|
ezophoqa
|
izophoqa
|
ayizuphoqa
|
engezuphoqa
|
ingezuphoqa
|
Class 5
|
lizophoqa
|
elizophoqa
|
lizophoqa
|
alizuphoqa
|
elingezuphoqa
|
lingezuphoqa
|
Class 6
|
azophoqa
|
azophoqa
|
ezophoqa
|
awazuphoqa
|
angezuphoqa
|
engezuphoqa
|
Class 7
|
sizophoqa
|
esizophoqa
|
sizophoqa
|
asizuphoqa
|
esingezuphoqa
|
singezuphoqa
|
Class 8
|
zizophoqa
|
ezizophoqa
|
zizophoqa
|
azizuphoqa
|
ezingezuphoqa
|
zingezuphoqa
|
Class 9
|
izophoqa
|
ezophoqa
|
izophoqa
|
ayizuphoqa
|
engezuphoqa
|
ingezuphoqa
|
Class 10
|
zizophoqa
|
ezizophoqa
|
zizophoqa
|
azizuphoqa
|
ezingezuphoqa
|
zingezuphoqa
|
Class 11
|
luzophoqa
|
oluzophoqa
|
luzophoqa
|
aluzuphoqa
|
olungezuphoqa
|
lungezuphoqa
|
Class 14
|
buzophoqa
|
obuzophoqa
|
buzophoqa
|
abuzuphoqa
|
obungezuphoqa
|
bungezuphoqa
|
Class 15
|
kuzophoqa
|
okuzophoqa
|
kuzophoqa
|
akuzuphoqa
|
okungezuphoqa
|
kungezuphoqa
|
Class 17
|
kuzophoqa
|
okuzophoqa
|
kuzophoqa
|
akuzuphoqa
|
okungezuphoqa
|
kungezuphoqa
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyophoqa
|
engiyophoqa
|
ngiyophoqa
|
angiyuphoqa
|
engingeyuphoqa
|
ngingeyuphoqa
|
2nd singular
|
uyophoqa
|
oyophoqa
|
uyophoqa
|
awuyuphoqa
|
ongeyuphoqa
|
ungeyuphoqa
|
1st plural
|
siyophoqa
|
esiyophoqa
|
siyophoqa
|
asiyuphoqa
|
esingeyuphoqa
|
singeyuphoqa
|
2nd plural
|
niyophoqa
|
eniyophoqa
|
niyophoqa
|
aniyuphoqa
|
eningeyuphoqa
|
ningeyuphoqa
|
Class 1
|
uyophoqa
|
oyophoqa
|
eyophoqa
|
akayuphoqa
|
ongeyuphoqa
|
engeyuphoqa
|
Class 2
|
bayophoqa
|
abayophoqa
|
beyophoqa
|
abayuphoqa
|
abangeyuphoqa
|
bengeyuphoqa
|
Class 3
|
uyophoqa
|
oyophoqa
|
uyophoqa
|
awuyuphoqa
|
ongeyuphoqa
|
ungeyuphoqa
|
Class 4
|
iyophoqa
|
eyophoqa
|
iyophoqa
|
ayiyuphoqa
|
engeyuphoqa
|
ingeyuphoqa
|
Class 5
|
liyophoqa
|
eliyophoqa
|
liyophoqa
|
aliyuphoqa
|
elingeyuphoqa
|
lingeyuphoqa
|
Class 6
|
ayophoqa
|
ayophoqa
|
eyophoqa
|
awayuphoqa
|
angeyuphoqa
|
engeyuphoqa
|
Class 7
|
siyophoqa
|
esiyophoqa
|
siyophoqa
|
asiyuphoqa
|
esingeyuphoqa
|
singeyuphoqa
|
Class 8
|
ziyophoqa
|
eziyophoqa
|
ziyophoqa
|
aziyuphoqa
|
ezingeyuphoqa
|
zingeyuphoqa
|
Class 9
|
iyophoqa
|
eyophoqa
|
iyophoqa
|
ayiyuphoqa
|
engeyuphoqa
|
ingeyuphoqa
|
Class 10
|
ziyophoqa
|
eziyophoqa
|
ziyophoqa
|
aziyuphoqa
|
ezingeyuphoqa
|
zingeyuphoqa
|
Class 11
|
luyophoqa
|
oluyophoqa
|
luyophoqa
|
aluyuphoqa
|
olungeyuphoqa
|
lungeyuphoqa
|
Class 14
|
buyophoqa
|
obuyophoqa
|
buyophoqa
|
abuyuphoqa
|
obungeyuphoqa
|
bungeyuphoqa
|
Class 15
|
kuyophoqa
|
okuyophoqa
|
kuyophoqa
|
akuyuphoqa
|
okungeyuphoqa
|
kungeyuphoqa
|
Class 17
|
kuyophoqa
|
okuyophoqa
|
kuyophoqa
|
akuyuphoqa
|
okungeyuphoqa
|
kungeyuphoqa
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngiphoqe
|
ngingaphoqi
|
2nd singular
|
uphoqe
|
ungaphoqi
|
1st plural
|
siphoqe
|
singaphoqi
|
2nd plural
|
niphoqe
|
ningaphoqi
|
Class 1
|
aphoqe
|
angaphoqi
|
Class 2
|
baphoqe
|
bangaphoqi
|
Class 3
|
uphoqe
|
ungaphoqi
|
Class 4
|
iphoqe
|
ingaphoqi
|
Class 5
|
liphoqe
|
lingaphoqi
|
Class 6
|
aphoqe
|
angaphoqi
|
Class 7
|
siphoqe
|
singaphoqi
|
Class 8
|
ziphoqe
|
zingaphoqi
|
Class 9
|
iphoqe
|
ingaphoqi
|
Class 10
|
ziphoqe
|
zingaphoqi
|
Class 11
|
luphoqe
|
lungaphoqi
|
Class 14
|
buphoqe
|
bungaphoqi
|
Class 15
|
kuphoqe
|
kungaphoqi
|
Class 17
|
kuphoqe
|
kungaphoqi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngaphoqa
|
ngangaphoqa, angaphoqa, angangaphoqa
|
2nd singular
|
waphoqa
|
wangaphoqa, awaphoqa, awangaphoqa
|
1st plural
|
saphoqa
|
sangaphoqa, asaphoqa, asangaphoqa
|
2nd plural
|
naphoqa
|
nangaphoqa, anaphoqa, anangaphoqa
|
Class 1
|
waphoqa
|
wangaphoqa, akaphoqa, akangaphoqa
|
Class 2
|
baphoqa
|
bangaphoqa, abaphoqa, abangaphoqa
|
Class 3
|
waphoqa
|
wangaphoqa, awaphoqa, awangaphoqa
|
Class 4
|
yaphoqa
|
yangaphoqa, ayaphoqa, ayangaphoqa
|
Class 5
|
laphoqa
|
langaphoqa, alaphoqa, alangaphoqa
|
Class 6
|
aphoqa
|
angaphoqa, awaphoqa, awangaphoqa
|
Class 7
|
saphoqa
|
sangaphoqa, asaphoqa, asangaphoqa
|
Class 8
|
zaphoqa
|
zangaphoqa, azaphoqa, azangaphoqa
|
Class 9
|
yaphoqa
|
yangaphoqa, ayaphoqa, ayangaphoqa
|
Class 10
|
zaphoqa
|
zangaphoqa, azaphoqa, azangaphoqa
|
Class 11
|
lwaphoqa
|
lwangaphoqa, alwaphoqa, alwangaphoqa
|
Class 14
|
baphoqa
|
bangaphoqa, abaphoqa, abangaphoqa
|
Class 15
|
kwaphoqa
|
kwangaphoqa, akwaphoqa, akwangaphoqa
|
Class 17
|
kwaphoqa
|
kwangaphoqa, akwaphoqa, akwangaphoqa
|
References