poważny

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Old Polish

Etymology

From *powaga + -ny, from *poważyć or *poważać, from ważyć. First attested in the end of the 15th century.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /pɔvaːʒʲnɨː/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /pɔvɒʒʲnɨ/

Adjective

poważny

  1. serious
    • 1885-2024 [End of the 15th century], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume III, page 178:
      Vmyszlilem they godziny mowicz z mazem powaznem constitui ad hanc horam cum uno quodam gravissimo colloqui
      [Umyśliłem tej godziny mowić z mężem poważnem constitui ad hanc horam cum uno quodam gravissimo colloqui]
nouns
verbs

Descendants

  • Polish: poważny

References

  • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “poważny”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego (in Polish)
  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “poważny”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish poważny. By surface analysis, powaga +‎ -ny. Compare Kashubian pòwôżny.

Pronunciation

 
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -aʐnɘ
  • Syllabification: po‧waż‧ny

Adjective

poważny (comparative poważniejszy, superlative najpoważniejszy, derived adverb poważnie)

  1. serious (without humor or expression of happiness; grave in manner or disposition; representative of such a person)
    Synonym: spoważniały
  2. serious (of one whose actions are thoughtful, mature and worthy of attention or trust)
    Antonym: niepoważny
  3. serious (of one that is widely recognized and respected)
  4. serious (of one that should not be ignored)
  5. serious (of great importance and requiring special attention)
    Antonym: głupi
  6. serious (of considerable size)
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:duży
    Antonyms: see Thesaurus:mały
  7. (of a disease, situation, etc.) serious (dangerous to someone's health or life)
  8. (of literature or film) heavy (about a serious subject)

Declension

Derived terms

verbs
verbs

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), poważny is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 18 times in scientific texts, 56 times in news, 60 times in essays, 15 times in fiction, and 11 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 170 times, making it the 339th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “poważny”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 418

Further reading