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English
Etymology
Borrowed from Middle French refutation (compare French réfutation, Spanish refutación, Portuguese refutação, Italian refutazione) or its etymon Latin refūtātiō, from refūtō + -ātiō. By surface analysis, refute + -ation. First attested in 1536 (in sense 1).
Pronunciation
Noun
refutation (countable and uncountable, plural refutations)
- An act of refuting or disproving; the disproving of an argument, opinion, testimony, doctrine or theory by argument or countervailing proof; evidence of falseness.
- Synonyms: refutal; confutation, disproof, disconfirmation, rebuttal
- Near-synonym: rebuttal (see note)
1913, William Horton Foster, “Refutation”, in Debating for Boys, page 78:Apply these tests to his arguments and you will render your task of refutation easier. But in your refutation, be sure you refute. Don’t think for a minute that either heat or violence or sarcasm is a good answer.
- (proscribed) A vocal answer to an attack on one's assertions.
Usage notes
Derived terms
Translations
an act of refuting
- Bulgarian: отхвърляне (bg) n (othvǎrljane), опровергаване (bg) n (oprovergavane)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 反駁 / 反驳 (zh) (fǎnbó), 辯駁 / 辩驳 (zh) (biànbó), 駁議 / 驳议 (zh) (bóyì)
- Czech: vyvrácení n
- Danish: gendrivelse c, afkræftelse c
- Dutch: weerlegging (nl) f, refutatie (nl) f
- French: réfutation (fr) f
- German: Widerlegung (de) f, Gegenschrift (de) f (in writing)
- Greek: ανασκευή (el) f (anaskeví), αναίρεση (el) f (anaíresi)
- Ancient Greek: ἔλεγχος m (élenkhos)
- Irish: bréagnú m
- Italian: refutazione f, confutazione (it) f, contestazione (it) f
- Japanese: 反駁 (ja) (はんばく, hanbaku)
- Korean: 반박 (ko) (banbak)
- Latin: refūtātiō f
- Portuguese: refutação (pt) f
- Russian: опроверже́ние (ru) n (oproveržénije), рефута́ция (ru) f (refutácija) (obsolete, literary)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Roman: refutacija (sh) f, pobijanje (sh) n, opovrgavanje n
- Spanish: refutación f
- Swedish: vederläggning (sv), motargument (sv), motbevis
- Tagalog: pabulaan
- West Frisian: wjerlizzing (fy) c
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See also
References
- ^ William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E Smith, editors (1911), “refutation”, in The Century Dictionary , New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 “refutation”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 “refutation”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.