tỏi

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "toi"

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 蒜 (“garlic”, SV: toán).

Compare Nong Zhuang soiq (“garlic”). To account for the glide reflex in both languages, the borrowed Sinitic word was probably a dialectal form where earlier *-r-s shifted to *-jH instead of the typical *-nH (if the word was borrowed independently when the liquid still presented, Vietnamese would have *-j while Nong Zhuang would have *-n). However, it is also possible that there was borrowing involved: if the direction was Vietic > Tai, the Chinese form could be an early form with *-r-s (> *-lʰ > -jC) or a later form with *-jH; if the direction was Tai > Vietic, the borrowed Sinitic form must be *-jH.

See also tươi, from Chinese 鮮 / 鲜, with modern -j.

Noun

(classifier củ, cây) tỏi • (蒜, 𬞚, 蕞, 碎)

  1. garlic
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Adjective

tỏi

  1. (colloquial) to die

Etymology 3

Labialization of tỉ (“billion”).

Noun

tỏi

  1. (slang) one billion dongs
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