xyston

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English

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Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ξυστόν (xustón, spear, javelin), of unknown origin. Potentially from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰasto- or *ǵʰasdʰo- (branch ~ spear, sharp spine) (whence also gad, goad, and yard), but this is likely a substrate word in view of the various irregularities. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Noun

xyston (plural xystons or xysta)

  1. A type of long thrusting lance, used in ancient Greece.
    • 2004, J. F. C. Fuller, The Generalship of Alexander the Great, page 47:
      The Companions, like the Thessalian cavalry, were a well-mounted force armed with cuirass and the short thrusting spear (xyston) for close combat.