éternuer

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See also: êtèrnuer

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French esternuer, from Old French esternuer, esternuder, from Latin sternūtāre, frequentative of sternuō.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /e.tɛʁ.nɥe/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

éternuer

  1. (intransitive) to sneeze
    Synonym: (colloquial) atchoumer

Conjugation

Conjugation of éternuer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple éternuer
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple éternuant
/e.tɛʁ.nɥɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle éternué
/e.tɛʁ.nɥe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present éternue
/e.tɛʁ.ny/ 		éternues
/e.tɛʁ.ny/ 		éternue
/e.tɛʁ.ny/ 		éternuons
/e.tɛʁ.nɥɔ̃/ 		éternuez
/e.tɛʁ.nɥe/ 		éternuent
/e.tɛʁ.ny/
imperfect éternuais
/e.tɛʁ.nɥɛ/ 		éternuais
/e.tɛʁ.nɥɛ/ 		éternuait
/e.tɛʁ.nɥɛ/ 		éternuions
/e.tɛʁ.ny.jɔ̃/ 		éternuiez
/e.tɛʁ.ny.je/ 		éternuaient
/e.tɛʁ.nɥɛ/
past historic2 éternuai
/e.tɛʁ.nɥe/ 		éternuas
/e.tɛʁ.nɥa/ 		éternua
/e.tɛʁ.nɥa/ 		éternuâmes
/e.tɛʁ.nɥam/ 		éternuâtes
/e.tɛʁ.nɥat/ 		éternuèrent
/e.tɛʁ.nɥɛʁ/
future éternuerai
/e.tɛʁ.ny.ʁe/ 		éternueras
/e.tɛʁ.ny.ʁa/ 		éternuera
/e.tɛʁ.ny.ʁa/ 		éternuerons
/e.tɛʁ.ny.ʁɔ̃/ 		éternuerez
/e.tɛʁ.ny.ʁe/ 		éternueront
/e.tɛʁ.ny.ʁɔ̃/
conditional éternuerais
/e.tɛʁ.ny.ʁɛ/ 		éternuerais
/e.tɛʁ.ny.ʁɛ/ 		éternuerait
/e.tɛʁ.ny.ʁɛ/ 		éternuerions
/e.tɛʁ.ny.ʁjɔ̃/ 		éternueriez
/e.tɛʁ.ny.ʁje/ 		éternueraient
/e.tɛʁ.ny.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present éternue
/e.tɛʁ.ny/ 		éternues
/e.tɛʁ.ny/ 		éternue
/e.tɛʁ.ny/ 		éternuions
/e.tɛʁ.ny.jɔ̃/ 		éternuiez
/e.tɛʁ.ny.je/ 		éternuent
/e.tɛʁ.ny/
imperfect2 éternuasse
/e.tɛʁ.nɥas/ 		éternuasses
/e.tɛʁ.nɥas/ 		éternuât
/e.tɛʁ.nɥa/ 		éternuassions
/e.tɛʁ.nɥa.sjɔ̃/ 		éternuassiez
/e.tɛʁ.nɥa.sje/ 		éternuassent
/e.tɛʁ.nɥas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — éternue
/e.tɛʁ.ny/ 		— éternuons
/e.tɛʁ.nɥɔ̃/ 		éternuez
/e.tɛʁ.nɥe/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

Further reading

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