μάχομαι

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Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

Traditionally derived from a Proto-Indo-European *meh₂gʰ- (“to fight”), though Beekes considers said root more likely to be Pre-Greek.[1] See also Old Armenian մաքառիմ (makʻaṙim, “to combat, quarrel”), which may continue this same root. Connections to Ἀμαζών (Amazṓn, “Amazon”) are highly uncertain.

Pronunciation

 

Verb

μάχομαι • (mákhomai)

  1. (with dative) to make war, fight, battle
  2. to quarrel, wrangle, dispute
  3. to contend, compete

Inflection

   Present: μᾰ́χομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle/
passive 		indicative μᾰ́χομαι μᾰ́χῃ,
μᾰ́χει 		μᾰ́χεται μᾰ́χεσθον μᾰ́χεσθον μᾰχόμεθᾰ μᾰ́χεσθε μᾰ́χονται
subjunctive μᾰ́χωμαι μᾰ́χῃ μᾰ́χηται μᾰ́χησθον μᾰ́χησθον μᾰχώμεθᾰ μᾰ́χησθε μᾰ́χωνται
optative μᾰχοίμην μᾰ́χοιο μᾰ́χοιτο μᾰ́χοισθον μᾰχοίσθην μᾰχοίμεθᾰ μᾰ́χοισθε μᾰ́χοιντο
imperative   μᾰ́χου μᾰχέσθω μᾰ́χεσθον μᾰχέσθων   μᾰ́χεσθε μᾰχέσθων
middle/passive
infinitive μᾰ́χεσθαι
participle m μᾰχόμενος
f μᾰχομένη
n μᾰχόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ἐμᾰχόμην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle/
passive 		indicative ἐμᾰχόμην ἐμᾰ́χου ἐμᾰ́χετο ἐμᾰ́χεσθον ἐμᾰχέσθην ἐμᾰχόμεθᾰ ἐμᾰ́χεσθε ἐμᾰ́χοντο
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: μᾰχόμην (Epic)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle/
passive 		indicative μᾰχόμην μᾰ́χου μᾰ́χετο μᾰ́χεσθον μᾰχέσθην μᾰχόμε(σ)θᾰ μᾰ́χεσθε μᾰ́χοντο
Notes:
Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: μᾰχεσκόμην (Epic, Ionic)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle/
passive 		indicative μᾰχεσκόμην μᾰχέσκου μᾰχέσκετο μᾰχέσκεσθον μᾰχεσκέσθην μᾰχεσκόμεθᾰ μᾰχέσκεσθε μᾰχέσκοντο
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: μᾰχέσομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle indicative μᾰχέσομαι μᾰχέσῃ,
μᾰχέσει 		μᾰχέσεται μᾰχέσεσθον μᾰχέσεσθον μᾰχεσόμεθᾰ μᾰχέσεσθε μᾰχέσονται
optative μᾰχεσοίμην μᾰχέσοιο μᾰχέσοιτο μᾰχέσοισθον μᾰχεσοίσθην μᾰχεσοίμεθᾰ μᾰχέσοισθε μᾰχέσοιντο
middle
infinitive μᾰχέσεσθαι
participle m μᾰχεσόμενος
f μᾰχεσομένη
n μᾰχεσόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: μᾰχήσομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle indicative μᾰχήσομαι μᾰχήσῃ,
μᾰχήσει 		μᾰχήσεται μᾰχήσεσθον μᾰχήσεσθον μᾰχησόμεθᾰ μᾰχήσεσθε μᾰχήσονται
optative μᾰχησοίμην μᾰχήσοιο μᾰχήσοιτο μᾰχήσοισθον μᾰχησοίσθην μᾰχησοίμεθᾰ μᾰχήσοισθε μᾰχήσοιντο
middle
infinitive μᾰχήσεσθαι
participle m μᾰχησόμενος
f μᾰχησομένη
n μᾰχησόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: μᾰχέομαι (Attic, uncontracted)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle indicative μᾰχέομαι μᾰχέῃ,
μᾰχέει 		μᾰχέεται μᾰχέεσθον μᾰχέεσθον μᾰχεόμεθᾰ μᾰχέεσθε μᾰχέονται
optative μᾰχεοίμην μᾰχέοιο μᾰχέοιτο μᾰχέοισθον μᾰχεοίσθην μᾰχεοίμεθᾰ μᾰχέοισθε μᾰχέοιντο
middle
infinitive μᾰχέεσθαι
participle m μᾰχεόμενος
f μᾰχεομένη
n μᾰχεόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: μᾰχοῦμαι (Attic, contracted)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle indicative μᾰχοῦμαι μᾰχῇ μᾰχεῖται μᾰχεῖσθον μᾰχεῖσθον μᾰχούμεθᾰ μᾰχεῖσθε μᾰχοῦνται
optative μᾰχοίμην μᾰχοῖο μᾰχοῖτο μᾰχοῖσθον μᾰχοίσθην μᾰχοίμεθᾰ μᾰχοῖσθε μᾰχοῖντο
middle
infinitive μᾰχεῖσθαι
participle m μᾰχούμενος
f μᾰχουμένη
n μᾰχούμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἐμᾰχεσᾰ́μην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle indicative ἐμᾰχεσᾰ́μην ἐμᾰχέσω ἐμᾰχέσᾰτο ἐμᾰχέσᾰσθον ἐμᾰχεσᾰ́σθην ἐμᾰχεσᾰ́μεθᾰ ἐμᾰχέσᾰσθε ἐμᾰχέσᾰντο
subjunctive μᾰχέσωμαι μᾰχέσῃ μᾰχέσηται μᾰχέσησθον μᾰχέσησθον μᾰχεσώμεθᾰ μᾰχέσησθε μᾰχέσωνται
optative μᾰχεσαίμην μᾰχέσαιο μᾰχέσαιτο μᾰχέσαισθον μᾰχεσαίσθην μᾰχεσαίμεθᾰ μᾰχέσαισθε μᾰχέσαιντο
imperative   μᾰ́χεσαι μᾰχεσᾰ́σθω μᾰχέσᾰσθον μᾰχεσᾰ́σθων   μᾰχέσᾰσθε μᾰχεσᾰ́σθων
middle
infinitive μᾰχέσᾰσθαι
participle m μᾰχεσᾰ́μενος
f μᾰχεσᾰμένη
n μᾰχεσᾰ́μενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Perfect: μεμᾰ́χημαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle/
passive 		indicative μεμᾰ́χημαι μεμᾰ́χησαι μεμᾰ́χηται μεμᾰ́χησθον μεμᾰ́χησθον μεμᾰχήμεθᾰ μεμᾰ́χησθε μεμᾰ́χηνται
subjunctive μεμᾰχημένος ὦ μεμᾰχημένος ᾖς μεμᾰχημένος ᾖ μεμᾰχημένω ἦτον μεμᾰχημένω ἦτον μεμᾰχημένοι ὦμεν μεμᾰχημένοι ἦτε μεμᾰχημένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
optative μεμᾰχημένος εἴην μεμᾰχημένος εἴης μεμᾰχημένος εἴη μεμᾰχημένω εἴητον/εἶτον μεμᾰχημένω εἰήτην/εἴτην μεμᾰχημένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν μεμᾰχημένοι εἴητε/εἶτε μεμᾰχημένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
imperative   μεμᾰ́χησο μεμᾰχήσθω μεμᾰ́χησθον μεμᾰχήσθων   μεμᾰ́χησθε μεμᾰχήσθων
middle/passive
infinitive μεμᾰχῆσθαι
participle m μεμᾰχημένος
f μεμᾰχημένη
n μεμᾰχημένον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μάχομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 916–917

Further reading

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek μάχομαι (mákhomai).

Verb

μάχομαι • (máchomai) deponent found only in the present tense

  1. to fight, do battle, combat

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

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