козырь

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Russian

Etymology 1

Attested first from the year 1731, borrowed from Polish kozyr, also kozer, variants of kozyra, kozera (“trump; card-sharper; card-game; struggle, calamity”), a dialectal variant – already attested in the 16th century in the sense “trump” – of kostera, kostyra (“card sharper”), from kość (“die”), also kozyrnik, kozernik (“card-shark; fullam-player”).

Compare as another cardgame term that has passed into Russian from Polish: шу́лер (šúler, “card-sharp”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
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Noun

ко́зырь • (kózyrʹ) m inan (genitive ко́зыря, nominative plural ко́зыри, genitive plural козыре́й, relational adjective козырно́й or козы́рный)

  1. trump
  2. (idiomatic) main argument, used in the right time to gain advantage
  3. (idiomatic) unrevealed or hidden advantage
    припасённый ко́зырь ― pripasjónnyj kózyrʹ ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    кто́-то припа́с ко́зырь ― któ-to pripás kózyrʹ ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Declension
Declension of ко́зырь (inan masc-form soft-stem accent-e) 
singular plural
nominative ко́зырь
kózyrʹ 		ко́зыри
kózyri
genitive ко́зыря
kózyrja 		козыре́й
kozyréj
dative ко́зырю
kózyrju 		козыря́м
kozyrjám
accusative ко́зырь
kózyrʹ 		ко́зыри
kózyri
instrumental ко́зырем
kózyrem 		козыря́ми
kozyrjámi
prepositional ко́зыре
kózyre 		козыря́х
kozyrjáx
Descendants

Etymology 2

Inherited from Middle Russian козырь (kozyrʹ) (att. 1641), козирь (kozirʹ). Origin unclear, but suggested to be connected to коза.

Noun

ко́зырь • (kózyrʹ) m inan (genitive ко́зыря, nominative plural ко́зыри, genitive plural козыре́й, relational adjective козырно́й)

  1. (obsolete) high standing collar
  2. (obsolete) or (regional) canopy over a horse-drawn cart, sleigh
  3. (obsolete) or (regional) peak, visor

References

  • Kiparsky, Valentin (1975) Russische historische Grammatik. Band III: Entwicklung des Wortschatzes (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 172
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