фонарь

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Kazakh

Alternative scripts
Arabic	فونار
Cyrillic	фонарь
Latin	fonar
Yañalif	fonarь

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian фона́рь (fonárʹ), from Byzantine Greek φανάριον (phanárion, “lamp, torch”).

Noun

фонарь • (fonar)

lantern, streetlight

Synonyms

шам (şam)

Russian

фонарь on Russian Wikipedia

Уличные фонари

Ручной фонарь

Фонарь кабины истребителя

Etymology

Borrowed from Byzantine Greek φανάριον (phanárion, “lamp, torch”). Suffix influenced by -а́рь (-árʹ). Compare Modern Greek φανάρι (fanári).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key):
Audio: (file)

Noun

фона́рь • (fonárʹ) m inan (genitive фонаря́, nominative plural фонари́, genitive plural фонаре́й, relational adjective фона́рный, diminutive фона́рик)

lantern, streetlight, streetlamp
electric torch, pocket lamp, flashlight
taillight, taillamp
(colloquial) shiner, black eye
Synonym: финга́л (fingál)
(aviation) canopy

Declension

Declension of фона́рь (inan masc-form soft-stem accent-b)

	singular	plural
nominative	фона́рь fonárʹ	фонари́ fonarí
genitive	фонаря́ fonarjá	фонаре́й fonaréj
dative	фонарю́ fonarjú	фонаря́м fonarjám
accusative	фона́рь fonárʹ	фонари́ fonarí
instrumental	фонарём fonarjóm	фонаря́ми fonarjámi
prepositional	фонаре́ fonaré	фонаря́х fonarjáx

Pre-reform declension of фона́рь (inan masc-form soft-stem accent-b)

	singular	plural
nominative	фона́рь fonárʹ	фонари́ fonarí
genitive	фонаря́ fonarjá	фонаре́й fonaréj
dative	фонарю́ fonarjú	фонаря́мъ fonarjám
accusative	фона́рь fonárʹ	фонари́ fonarí
instrumental	фонарёмъ fonarjóm	фонаря́ми fonarjámi
prepositional	фонарѣ́ fonarě́	фонаря́хъ fonarjáx

Derived terms

до фонаря́ (do fonarjá)
за́дний фона́рь (zádnij fonárʹ)
от фонаря́ (ot fonarjá)

Related terms

фона́ри́ще n (fonáríšče) фона́рщик m (fonárščik), фона́рщица f (fonárščica)
подфона́рный (podfonárnyj)
офонаре́ть pf (ofonarétʹ), фонаре́ть impf (fonarétʹ)

Descendants

→ Aleut: funaarix̂
→ Armenian: ֆանար (fanar) (partly)
→ Georgian: ფანარი (panari) (non-standard)
→ Ingrian: fonari
→ Kazakh: фонарь (fonar)
→ Kyrgyz: фонарь (fonar), панар (panar)
→ Uyghur: پانار (panar)
→ Uzbek: fonar

Further reading

фонарь in Большой толковый словарь, editor-in-chief С. А. Кузнецов – hosted at gramota.ru

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