נקר

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Hebrew

Etymology

Root
נ־ק־ר (n-q-r)
4 terms

Cognate with Arabic نَقَرَ (naqara, “to dig, bore”) and Aramaic נְקַר. The noun "woodpecker" follows from the verb, and just as in English refers to the bird's characteristic behavior of pecking holes into tree bark to find insects.

Pronunciation

Verb

נָקַר • (nakár) (pa'al construction, future יקור / יִקֹּר)

  1. to bore, pierce through; gouge out (eyes)
    • Tanach, 1 Samuel 11:2, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      שוַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵיהֶם נָחָשׁ הָעַמּוֹנִי בְּזֹאת אֶכְרֹת לָכֶם בִּנְקוֹר לָכֶם כׇּל־עֵין יָמִין וְשַׂמְתִּיהָ חֶרְפָּה עַל־כׇּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל׃
      And Nahash the Ammonite said unto them: ‘On this condition will I make it with you, that all your right eyes be put out; and I will lay it for a reproach upon all Israel.’
    • a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud. Shabbat, 130a.16:
      שֶׁפַּעַם אַחַת גָּזְרָה מַלְכוּת הָרְשָׁעָה גְּזֵרָה עַל יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁכׇּל הַמַּנִּיחַ תְּפִילִּין עַל רֹאשׁוֹ — יִקְּרוּ אֶת מוֹחוֹ
      Because on one occasion the wicked empire issued a decree against the Jewish people that, , they would pierce the brain of anyone who dons phylacteries on his head.
  2. to peck (chiefly of birds)
    • Tanach, Proverbs 30:17, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      עַיִן  תִּלְעַג לְאָב וְתָבֻז לִיקְּהַת־אֵם יִקְּרוּהָ עֹרְבֵי־נַחַל וְיֹאכְלוּהָ בְנֵי־נָשֶׁר׃
      The eye that mocketh at his father, And despiseth to obey his mother, The ravens of the valley shall pick it out, And the young vultures shall eat it.

Conjugation

Conjugation of נָקַר (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs)
non-finite forms to-infinitive ליקור / לִקֹּר
action noun נְקִירָה
passive participle נָקוּר
finite forms singular plural
m f m f
past first נָקַרְתִּי נָקַרְנוּ
second נָקַרְתָּ נָקַרְתְּ נְקַרְתֶּם1 נְקַרְתֶּן1
third נָקַר נָקְרָה נָקְרוּ
present נוֹקֵר נוֹקֶרֶת נוֹקְרִים נוֹקְרוֹת
future first אקור / אֶקֹּר ניקור / נִקֹּר
second תיקור / תִּקֹּר תיקרי / תִּקְּרִי תיקרו / תִּקְּרוּ תיקורנה / תִּקֹּרְנָה2
third ייקור / יִקֹּר תיקור / תִּקֹּר ייקרו / יִקְּרוּ תיקורנה / תִּקֹּרְנָה2
imperative נקור / נְקֹר נִקְרִי נִקְרוּ נקורנה / נְקֹרְנָה2

1 Pronounced נָקַרְתֶּם and נָקַרְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
2 Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Noun

נַקָּר • (nakár) m

  1. woodpecker

Verb

נִקֵּר • (nikér) (pi'el construction)

  1. defective spelling of ניקר

References

Further reading

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia