קיבוץ

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Hebrew

Alternative forms

Etymology

Root
ק־ב־ץ (q-b-ts)

From the root ק־ב־ץ (k-b-ts), relating to gathering, collections, contractions.[1] Cognates include Ugaritic 𐎖𐎁𐎕 (qbṣ, “tribe”) and Aramaic קיבוץ (qybwṣ) from which it might have been borrowed. Appears in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Usage of the word with the meaning kibbutz commune, for which the word קְבוּצָה (k'vutzá) was originally used, began in the 1920s. See also קָבַץ (kaváts, “to gather, collect, assemble”) related to Arabic قَبَضَ (qabaḍa, “to collect”).

Pronunciation

Noun

קיבוץ / קִבּוּץ • (kibútz) m (plural indefinite קיבוצים / קִבּוּצִים, singular construct קיבוץ / קִבּוּץ־, plural construct קיבוצי / קִבּוּצֵי־)

  1. (Biblical Hebrew, hapax) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
    1. a collection, assemblage of idols
    • Tanach, Isaiah 57:13:
      בְּזַֽעֲקֵךְ יַצִּילֻךְ קִבּוּצַיִךְ וְאֶת־כֻּלָּם יִשָּׂא־רוּחַ יִקַּח־הָבֶל וְהַחֹוסֶה בִי יִנְחַל־אֶרֶץ וְיִירַשׁ הַר־קָדְשִֽׁי׃
      When you cry out, let your collection of idols deliver you! The wind will carry them all off, a breath will take them away. But he who takes refuge in me shall possess the land and shall inherit my holy mountain.
  2. (Mishnaic Hebrew and forward) a gathering, community, collection
  3. (Medieval Hebrew, grammar) plural
  4. (Medieval Hebrew, medicine) empyema
  5. (Medieval Hebrew, medicine) flexion, spasm
  6. (astronomy) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  7. (modern, Israel) a 'kibbutz' - a collective settlement in Israel
  8. (modern, mathematics) associative, associativity
    הפעולה לא מקיימת את חוק הקיבוץ. ― The operation is not associative. (literally, “The operation doesn't follow the law of associativity.”)

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Dutch: kibboets
  • → English: kibbutz
  • → Polish: kibuc

References

  1. ^ Bos, Gerrit (2019) A Concise Dictionary of Novel Medical and General Hebrew Terminology from the Middle Ages, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 235

Yiddish

Etymology

From Israeli Hebrew קִבּוּץ.

Noun

קיבוץ • (kibuts) m, plural קיבוצים (kibutsem)

  1. kibbutz (Israeli commune)
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