تين

See also: پين, بين, بین, ب ي ن, and تین

Arabic

Etymology

While one might reconstruct a Proto-Semitic *tiʔin-, *taʔin-, which may well be true given the presence of the word in Old Akkadian, that would have yielded a retained glottal stop in Arabic as with بِئْر (biʔr) were the Arabic word inherited vocabulary, for which case also limited fig cultivation in barren Arabia must be considered. Therefore, the present term is deemed to have been borrowed from Aramaic תינה / ܬܝܢܐ (tēnā) – it is left open whether the singulative or collective came first. Compare Arabic بَلَس (balas, “fig”), seemingly borrowed from South Semitic.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tiːn/

Noun

تِين • (tīn) m (collective, singulative تِينَة f (tīna))

fig (fruit and tree)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 95:1:
  وَٱلتِّينِ وَٱلزَّيْتُونِ
  wat-tīni waz-zaytūni
  By the fig and the olive

Declension

Declension of noun تِين (tīn)

Collective	basic collective triptote
Collective	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تِين tīn	التِّين at-tīn	تِين tīn
Nominative	تِينٌ tīnun	التِّينُ at-tīnu	تِينُ tīnu
Accusative	تِينًا tīnan	التِّينَ at-tīna	تِينَ tīna
Genitive	تِينٍ tīnin	التِّينِ at-tīni	تِينِ tīni
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
Singulative	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تِينَة tīna	التِّينَة at-tīna	تِينَة tīnat
Nominative	تِينَةٌ tīnatun	التِّينَةُ at-tīnatu	تِينَةُ tīnatu
Accusative	تِينَةً tīnatan	التِّينَةَ at-tīnata	تِينَةَ tīnata
Genitive	تِينَةٍ tīnatin	التِّينَةِ at-tīnati	تِينَةِ tīnati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تِينَتَيْن tīnatayn	التِّينَتَيْن at-tīnatayn	تِينَتَيْ tīnatay
Nominative	تِينَتَانِ tīnatāni	التِّينَتَانِ at-tīnatāni	تِينَتَا tīnatā
Accusative	تِينَتَيْنِ tīnatayni	التِّينَتَيْنِ at-tīnatayni	تِينَتَيْ tīnatay
Genitive	تِينَتَيْنِ tīnatayni	التِّينَتَيْنِ at-tīnatayni	تِينَتَيْ tīnatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
Paucal (3-10)	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تِينَات tīnāt	التِّينَات at-tīnāt	تِينَات tīnāt
Nominative	تِينَاتٌ tīnātun	التِّينَاتُ at-tīnātu	تِينَاتُ tīnātu
Accusative	تِينَاتٍ tīnātin	التِّينَاتِ at-tīnāti	تِينَاتِ tīnāti
Genitive	تِينَاتٍ tīnātin	التِّينَاتِ at-tīnāti	تِينَاتِ tīnāti

Descendants

Maltese: tin
Egyptian Arabic: تين (tīn)
→ Ottoman Turkish: تین (tin)
- → Turkish: tin
→ Swahili: tini

References

Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 148
Guidi, Ignazio (1879) Della sede primitiva dei popoli semitici (in Italian), Rome: Tipi del Salviucci, page 36
Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 96–97
Lagarde, Paul de (1881) “I. Ueber die semitischen Namen des Feigenbaums und der Feige. II. Astarte. III. Die syrischen Wörter נסיון und גליון. IV. Das hebräische עני”, in Nachrichten von der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen‎ (in German), number 15, pages 368–408
Laufer, Berthold (1919) Sino-Iranica: Chinese contributions to the history of civilization in ancient Iran, with special reference to the history of cultivated plants and products (Fieldiana, Anthropology; 15), volume 3, Chicago: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, page 411
Löw, Immanuel (1928) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 1, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 225
Müller, David Heinrich (1887) “Arabisch-aramäische Glossen”, in Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes‎ (in German), volume 1, page 26
van Putten, Marijn (2017) “The illusory Yemenite connection of Andalusi Arabic”, in Zeitschrift für Arabische Linguistik‎, volume 66, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →DOI, page 26

تين