خواستن

From Middle Persian hwʾstn' (/⁠xwāstan⁠/).

• Homophone: خاستن (xâstan)

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

خواستن • (xâstan) (present stem خواه (xâh))

1. to want, to intend (both of nouns and verbs)

   Synonym: میل داشتن (meyl dâštan, “to want, to desire”)

   می‌خواهم بروم. (more literary) ― mi-xâham beravam. ― I want to go.

   می‌خوام برم. (more colloquial) ― mi-xâm beram. ― I want to go.

   • 1021-1077, Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi, Tarikh-i Bayhaqi

     چون حسنک بیامد، خواجه بر پای خاست. چون او این مَکرُمت بکرد، همه – اگر خواستند یا نه – بر پای خاستند. بو سهل زوزنی بر خشم خود طاقت نداشت؛ برخاست، نه تمام و بر خویشتن می ژکید. احمد او را گفت: در همه کارها ناتمامی. وی نیک از جای بشد.

     Čūn Hasanak biyāmad, Xwāja bar pāy xāst. Čūn ō īn makrumat bikard, hama – agar xwāstand yā na – bar pāy xāstand. Bū Sahl Zawzanī bar xašm-i xwad tāqat nadāšt; bar-xāst, na tamām, wa bar xwēštan mē-žakīd. Ahmad ō rā guft: "dar hama-i kār-hā nā-tamāmī". Way nēk az jāy bišud.

     When Hasanak arrived, Khwaja rose to his feet. Since he displayed this act of respect, everyone – whether they wanted or not – rose to their feet.. Bu Sahl Zawzani couldn't contain his irritation; he rose, not completely, while muttering under his breath. Ahmad said to him: "In all undertakings, you lack thoroughness." He became extremely angered.

   • 2008, Ali Khamenei, “بیانات در اجتماع زائران و مجاوران حرم مطهر رضوی”, in khamenei.ir‎, archived from the original on 25 June 2021:

     ملت ایران این را می‌خواهد، این را می‌گوید.

     mellat-e irân in-râ mi-xâhad, in-râ mi-guyad.

     The Iranian nation wants this, it is saying this.

2. (with از) to ask; to request

   Synonym: خواهش کردن (xâheš kardan)

   از من خواست که درس بخوانم.

   az man xâst ke dars bexânam.

   He asked me to study.

3. (literary, auxiliary) will; in the literary language, appears in the aorist to form the future tense, preceding the bare past stem of the main verb

   خواهم رفت. ― xâham raft. ― I will go.

   آن را بر نخواهم داشت. ― ân-râ bar na-xâham dâšt. ― I will not pick it up.

4. to be owed

   من از علی ۴٫۰۰۰ تومان می‌خواستم.

   man az ali 4, 000 tumân mi-xâstam.

   Ali owed me 4,000 tomans.

• (to want, to request): If used before a main verb, the main verb must be in the subjunctive.
• (auxiliary, will): The future tense with خواستن is virtually never used in colloquial Persian, where the present tense doubles as the future. The use of the present tense to express the future is also common in the literary language as well.

from Proto-Iranian *xwaz- (“to want; to wish”), of uncertain origin. Cognate with Persian خواستن (xâstan, “to want”).

• IPA^(key): /xwɑːstən/

خواستن (xwastin)

1. (verb) to want

   Synonym: تواستن (twāstin)

Chiefly used in Feylî dialects.