ἐγκέφαλος
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See also: εγκέφαλος
Ancient Greek
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Etymology
From ἐν- (en-, “in”) + κεφᾰλή (kephalḗ, “head”) + -ος (-os).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /eŋ.ké.pʰa.los/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /eŋˈke.pʰa.los/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /eɲˈɟe.ɸa.los/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /eɲˈɟe.fa.los/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /eɲˈɟe.fa.los/
Adjective
ἐγκέφᾰλος • (enképhalos) m or f (neuter ἐγκέφᾰλον); second declension
- inside the head
Inflection
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
| Nominative | ἐγκέφᾰλος enképhalos |
ἐγκέφᾰλον enképhalon |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λω enkephálō |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λω enkephálō |
ἐγκέφᾰλοι enképhaloi |
ἐγκέφᾰλᾰ enképhala | ||||||||
| Genitive | ἐγκεφᾰ́λου enkephálou |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λου enkephálou |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λοιν enkepháloin |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λοιν enkepháloin |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λων enkephálōn |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λων enkephálōn | ||||||||
| Dative | ἐγκεφᾰ́λῳ enkephálōi |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λῳ enkephálōi |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λοιν enkepháloin |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λοιν enkepháloin |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λοις enkephálois |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λοις enkephálois | ||||||||
| Accusative | ἐγκέφᾰλον enképhalon |
ἐγκέφᾰλον enképhalon |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λω enkephálō |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λω enkephálō |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λους enkephálous |
ἐγκέφᾰλᾰ enképhala | ||||||||
| Vocative | ἐγκέφᾰλε enképhale |
ἐγκέφᾰλον enképhalon |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λω enkephálō |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λω enkephálō |
ἐγκέφᾰλοι enképhaloi |
ἐγκέφᾰλᾰ enképhala | ||||||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| ἐγκεφᾰ́λως enkephálōs |
ἐγκεφᾰλώτερος enkephalṓteros |
ἐγκεφᾰλώτᾰτος enkephalṓtatos | ||||||||||||
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Noun
ἐγκέφᾰλος • (enképhalos) m (genitive ἐγκεφᾰ́λου); second declension
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ ἐγκέφᾰλος ho enképhalos |
τὼ ἐγκεφᾰ́λω tṑ enkephálō |
οἱ ἐγκέφᾰλοι hoi enképhaloi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ ἐγκεφᾰ́λου toû enkephálou |
τοῖν ἐγκεφᾰ́λοιν toîn enkepháloin |
τῶν ἐγκεφᾰ́λων tôn enkephálōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ ἐγκεφᾰ́λῳ tôi enkephálōi |
τοῖν ἐγκεφᾰ́λοιν toîn enkepháloin |
τοῖς ἐγκεφᾰ́λοις toîs enkephálois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν ἐγκέφᾰλον tòn enképhalon |
τὼ ἐγκεφᾰ́λω tṑ enkephálō |
τοὺς ἐγκεφᾰ́λους toùs enkephálous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | ἐγκέφᾰλε enképhale |
ἐγκεφᾰ́λω enkephálō |
ἐγκέφᾰλοι enképhaloi | ||||||||||
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Derived terms
- πᾰρεγκεφᾰλῐ́ς (parenkephalís)
- Διὸς ἐγκέφαλος (Diòs enképhalos, “rare and costly food”) (literally: Zeus' brain)
Descendants
- ⲁⲛⲅⲉⲫⲁⲗⲟⲥ (angephalos)
Further reading
- “ἐγκέφαλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἐγκέφαλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἐγκέφαλος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἐγκέφαλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἐγκέφαλος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἐγκέφαλος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “ἐγκέφαλος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.