◌̣

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◌̣ U+0323, ̣
COMBINING DOT BELOW
← ◌̢
 		Combining Diacritical Marks ◌̤ →

Translingual

Diacritical mark

◌̣

  1. (NAPA) retracted articulation:
    (on an alveolar letter) retroflex, e.g. ⟨ṭ ḍ ṣ ẓ ṇ ḷ⟩,
    (on an velar letter) uvular, e.g. ⟨ḳ x̣ ṛ⟩.
  2. (UPA) retracted:
    (on an alveolar letter) retroflex (e.g. ṭ ḍ ṣ ẓ ṇ ḷ);
    (on a front vowel letter) a back unrounded vowel (e.g. ị ẹ ɛ̣).
  3. (Voice Quality Symbols) "whispery" voice ("murmured phonation" in IPA parlance).
    Sometimes used for actual whisper (voiceless phonation).
  4. (Teuthonista) close/high articulation, equivalent to IPA ⟨◌̝⟩.
    On the letter ⟨a⟩, it means the vowel is fronted.
    Doubling for intensity is side-by-side: ⟨◌̤⟩.
  5. (IPA) A close articulation (e.g. a higher vowel, fricative approximant – currently ⟨◌̝⟩).
  6. (IPA, obsolete) Retroflex articulation.

Synonyms

  • (NAPA): ◌̇ may be used on letters with a descender.

Antonyms

  • (antonym(s) of “NAPA”): ◌̯

Asturian

Diacritical mark

◌̇

  1. A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called puntu inferior (“dot below”) in Asturian, and found on Ḥ/ḥ and Ḷ/ḷ.

Vietnamese

Diacritical mark

 ̣

  1. A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called dấu nặng (“heavy mark”) in Vietnamese, and found on Ạ/ạ, Ặ/ặ, Ậ/ậ, Ẹ/ẹ, Ệ/ệ, Ị/ị, Ọ/ọ, Ộ/ộ, Ợ/ợ, Ụ/ụ, Ự/ự and Ỵ/ỵ. Used to indicate mid-falling, glottalized, short tone.

Usage notes

In Vietnamese signmaking, this tone mark may be written as a vertical line, much like  ̩.

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