堪える

Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of 堪える – see the following entry.

耐える, 堪える: to have the ability (for a job etc.), to be worthy

Alternative spelling
耐える

(This term, 堪える, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

For pronunciation and definitions of 堪える – see the following entry.

bear, put up with, stand, endure

Alternative spelling
怺える

(This term, 堪える, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

堪(こた)える • (kotaeru) intransitive ichidan (stem 堪(こた)え (kotae), past 堪(こた)えた (kotaeta))

to endure, to withstand
Synonyms: 耐える, 我慢, こらえる

失敗(しっぱい)が身(み)に堪(こた)える
shippai ga mi ni kotaeru
to endure the failure
Fixed expression: 堪えられない: irresistable, really good
堪(こた)えられない暑(あつ)さ
kotaerarenai atsusa
the heat I can't endure

面白(おもしろ)くて堪(こた)えられない
omoshirokute kotaerarenai
it's so interesting that I can't resist
Fixed expression: 持ち堪える: to hang on, to withstand, to endure, to hold up
最後(さいご)まで持(も)ち堪(こた)える
saigo made mochikotaeru
to hold up until the end

Conjugation of "堪える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	堪え	こたえ	kotae
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	堪え	こたえ	kotae
Shūshikei ("terminal")	堪える	こたえる	kotaeru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	堪える	こたえる	kotaeru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	堪えれ	こたえれ	kotaere
Meireikei ("imperative")	堪えよ¹ 堪えろ²	こたえよ¹ こたえろ²	kotaeyo¹ kotaero²
Key constructions
Passive	堪えられる	こたえられる	kotaerareru
Causative	堪えさせる堪えさす	こたえさせるこたえさす	kotaesaseru kotaesasu
Potential	堪えられる堪えれる³	こたえられるこたえれる³	kotaerareru kotaereru³
Volitional	堪えよう	こたえよう	kotaeyō
Negative	堪えない堪えぬ堪えん	こたえないこたえぬこたえん	kotaenai kotaenu kotaen
Negative continuative	堪えず	こたえず	kotaezu
Formal	堪えます	こたえます	kotaemasu
Perfective	堪えた	こたえた	kotaeta
Conjunctive	堪えて	こたえて	kotaete
Hypothetical conditional	堪えれば	こたえれば	kotaereba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN