抑える

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
おさ
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
押さえる
押える
扼える

Etymology

From Old Japanese 抑ふ (osapu), in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, lower bigrade conjugation) pattern.

Most likely derived as a compound of the 未然形 (mizenkei, irrealis form) of 押す (osu, to push) + (fu, repetitious suffix), with the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, lower bigrade conjugation) pattern. Compare 伝える (tsutaeru, to communicate), from earlier 伝つ (tutu, to communicate).

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「抑える
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
抑える さえ
Imperative (命令形) 抑えろ さえ
Key constructions
Passive 抑えられる さえられ
Causative 抑えさせる さえさせ
Potential 抑えられる さえられ
Volitional 抑えよう さえよ
Negative 抑えない さえない
Negative perfective 抑えなかった さえなかった
Formal 抑えます さえま
Perfective 抑えた えた
Conjunctive 抑えて えて
Hypothetical conditional 抑えれば さえれば
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「押さえる
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
押さえる さえ
Imperative (命令形) 押さえろ さえ
Key constructions
Passive 押さえられる さえられ
Causative 押さえさせる さえさせ
Potential 押さえられる さえられ
Volitional 押さえよう さえよ
Negative 押さえない さえない
Negative perfective 押さえなかった さえなかった
Formal 押さえます さえま
Perfective 押さえた えた
Conjunctive 押さえて えて
Hypothetical conditional 押さえれば さえれば

Verb

(おさ)える (osaeruおさへる (osaferu)?transitive ichidan (stem (おさ) (osae), past (おさ)えた (osaeta))

  1. to hold back; to suppress; to contain

Conjugation

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN