ふ

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See also: ぶ and ぷ

ふ U+3075, ふ
HIRAGANA LETTER HU
← ぴ
 		Hiragana ぶ →

Japanese

Stroke order
4 strokes

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)

Etymology 1

Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 不 in the cursive sōsho style.

Syllable

ふ • (fu) 

  1. The hiragana syllable ふ (fu). Its equivalent in katakana is フ (fu). It is the twenty-eighth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is は行う段 (ha-gyō u-dan, “row ha, section u”).
Derived terms
See also

Etymology 2

From Old Japanese. Possibly a contraction of the 連用形(れんようけい) (ren'yōkei) of verbs and 合ふ (afu). Alternatively from 経 (fu).[1]

Suffix

ふ • (-fu) 

  1. (following the irrealis stem of verbs)
    1. expresses repetition
    2. expresses an ongoing state
Conjugation
Classical conjugation of "ふ" (ハ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) は は -fa
Continuative (連用形) ひ ひ -fi
Terminal (終止形) ふ ふ -fu
Attributive (連体形) ふ ふ -fu
Realis (已然形) へ へ -fe
Imperative (命令形) へ へ -fe
Key constructions
Negative はず はず -fazu
Contrasting conjunction へど へど -fedo
Causal conjunction へば へば -feba
Conditional conjunction はば はば -faba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) ひき ひき -fiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) ひけり ひけり -fikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) ひつ ひつ -fitu
Perfect tense (natural event) ひぬ ひぬ -finu
Perfect-continuative tense へり
ひたり		 へり
ひたり		 -feri
-fitari
Volitional はむ はむ -famu
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of ふ – see the following entries.
【賦】S
fu (Chinese literary form developed during the times of the Han dynasty that combines prose and poetry)
【麩】H
wheat bran
wheat gluten
foods made from wheat gluten, somewhat similar to bread
Alternative spelling
麸
【府】4
The prefectural governments of Osaka and Kyoto.
【負】3
(mathematics) negativity, being negative (less than zero)
(physics) negativity, being negative (of electrical charge of an electron)
negativity, being negative (bad, pessimistic)
【歩】2
(shogi, colloquial) a foot soldier (piece that can move one space forward), erroneously called as the equivalent of the pawn in Western chess
【不】4
un-, non-, in-
bad, poor
Alternative spelling
ぶ
(This term, ふ (fu), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.)
For a list of all kanji read as ふ, see Category:Japanese kanji read as ふ.)

References

  1. ^ “ふ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
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