Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word
non-. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
non-, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
non- in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
non- you have here. The definition of the word
non- will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
non-, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
English
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle English non- (“not, lack of, failure to”), from Middle English non (“no, not any; not, not at all”, literally “none”) and Old English nān- (prefix), both from Old English nān (“no, not any”), from Proto-West Germanic *nain, from Proto-Germanic *nainaz (“none, nought, zero”), see none. Merged with and reinforced by Middle English non- (“not”), from Old French non- and Medieval Latin nōn (“not”), from Old Latin noinu, noinom, from ne oinom (“not one”).
Prefix
non-
- Used in the sense of no or none, to show lack of or failure to perform; or in the sense of not, to negate the meaning of the word to which it is prefixed.
- nonpayment (“lack of payment, failure to pay”)
- nonaggressive (“not aggressive”)
- Not, the negation of the root word (a quality).
- nonaboriginal is a person who is not aboriginal, nonabrasive is a substance that is not abrasive, nonabstract is not abstract
- Absence, the absence of the root (a quantity).
- nonaccountability is absence of accountability, nonacceleration is lack of acceleration, nonaction is the absence of action; failure to act
- Avoiding an action.
- nonabiding is the practice of avoiding mental constructs during daily life, nonacceptance is a neglect or refusal to accept, nonaccumulative is tending to avoid accumulation
- Neutral in quality.
- nonaccent is a spoken accent that is neutral and undistinctive; nonacrocentric is having the centromere near the middle, and thus having roughly equal-sized arms; nonaccent is an unaccented beat or syllable, as in music or poetry
Usage notes
- Non- may be attached to nouns (nonspace), adjectives (nonaggressive), adverbs (nonaggressively, nonstop), or—infrequently—even verbs (nontender).
- Non- may be joined to a word with a hyphen, standard in British usage as evidenced by OED's typically including only the hyphenated forms, but some OED entries are spelled without hyphen only. In American usage, non- is often joined without a hyphen. (For example, nonbaseball is relatively common, but noncricket, referring to a primarily British sport, is rare.) Some non- words rarely or never use a hyphen (such as nonentity). By contrast, un- is almost always spelled without a hyphen. GPO manual item 6.29. recommends to spell non- prefixed words without a hyphen unless an overriding consideration applies.
- For combinations with capitalized words such as proper nouns and some adjectives, hyphen is almost always used, e.g. non-Aristotelian or non-English. This matches GPO manual recommendation.
- Semantically, non- suggests objective quality and logical opposition (hence ungradable), whereas un- suggests subjective quality and polar/diametric opposition (often gradable).
- Meaning "not" in phrases taken from Latin and some other languages, non is a separate word and is not hyphenated: non compos mentis, persona non grata.
- As non- is a living and highly productive prefix, the list of words having the prefix non- is practically unlimited: Wiktionary currently has over 9000 such word forms. It is particularly common in the sciences.
Synonyms
- (not): a-, an-, dys-, i-/il-/im-/in-/ir-, mal-, un-
- (absence): hypo-, pero-, ex-}, or-}, se-
- (avoiding): de-, isch-
- (neutral): anti-, neutro-
Derived terms
terms derived from absence
terms derived from avoiding
terms derived from neutral
Related terms
Translations
not
- Afrikaans: nie-
- Armenian: ոչ (hy) (očʻ), չ- (čʻ-), ան- (an-)
- Azerbaijani: qeyri-, olmayan
- Catalan: no- (ca)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 不 (zh) (bù-), 非 (zh) (fēi-), 無/无 (zh) (wú-)
- Czech: ne- (cs), mimo-
- Dutch: niet-
- Esperanto: ne-
- Finnish: ei- (fi), epä- (fi)
- French: non- (fr)
- Georgian: არა- (ara-), არ- (ar-)
- German: nicht- (de)
- Greek: μη (el) (mi)
- Ido: ne-
- Irish: mí-, neamh-
- Japanese: 非 (ja) (hi-), 不 (ja) (fu-), 無 (ja) (mu-)
- Kapampangan: e-
- Korean: 불(不) (ko) (bul), 비(非) (ko) (bi), 무(無) (ko) (mu)
- Latin: nōn (la)
- Polish: nie- (pl)
- Portuguese: não- (pt)
- Russian: не- (ru) (ne-)
- Scottish Gaelic: mì-, neo-
- Spanish: no (es), des- (es), in- (es)
- Swedish: icke- (sv), o- (sv)
- Turkish: olmayan (tr)
- Ukrainian: не- (uk) (ne-)
|
Etymology 2
From Latin nona (“nine”).
Prefix
non-
- prevocalic form of nona-
Derived terms
References
Further reading
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈnʌn/, /ˈnʌnˀ/, /nʌnˈ/
Prefix
non-
- non-
Derived terms
References
Dutch
Pronunciation
Prefix
non-
- (organic chemistry) non-
Derived terms
See also
Indonesian
Etymology
From English non-, from Middle English non- (“not, lack of, failure to”), from Middle English non (“no, not any; not, not at all”, literally “none”), from Old English nān (“no, not any”), see none. Merged with and reinforced by Middle English non- (“not”), from Old French non- and Medieval Latin nōn (“not”), from Old Latin noinu, noinom, from ne oinom (“not one”).
Pronunciation
Prefix
non-
- non-: Used in the sense of no or none, to show lack of or failure to perform; or in the sense of not, to negate the meaning of the word to which it is prefixed.
Derived terms
Further reading