蟷螂

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
かまきり
Hyōgai Hyōgai
jukujikun
Alternative spellings
螳螂 (mantis)
鎌切 (mantis)
鎌切 (zoology)
杜父魚 (zoology)
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Either a compound of (kama, sickle) +‎ 切り (kiri, cutting; cutter, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, continuative or stem form) of verb 切る (kiru, to cut)), or of (kama, sickle) +‎ キリ (kiri, onomatopoeia), where the kiri is imitative of the sound made by grasshoppers and katydids, and is found as a common element in the names of several insects of similar size and body shape. Compare 螽斯 (kirigirisu, grasshopper; katydid), 笹切 (sasakiri, bush cricket; katydid).

Considering the sharp forelegs of the mantis, the first derivation may be more probable.

The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 蟷螂𬠅螂.

Pronunciation

Noun

蟷螂(かまきり) or 蟷螂(カマキリ) (kamakiri

  1. a mantis (any of various large insects of the order Mantodea)
  2. (by extension, from the slender build of the insect) a skinny person or horse
  3. (rare) a fourspine sculpin, a fish of species Cottus kazika
    Synonym: 鮎掛 (ayukake)
Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カマキリ.

For the fourspine sculpin sense, the more common kanji spellings are 鎌切 and 杜父魚.[1][4]

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
とう
Hyōgai
ろう
Hyōgai
goon
Alternative spelling
螳螂

From Middle Chinese 螳螂 (MC dang ljang|lang).

Pronunciation

Noun

(とう)(ろう) (tōrōたうらう (taurau)?

  1. a mantis
Derived terms

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN