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行く. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
行く, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
行く in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
行く you have here. The definition of the word
行く will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
行く, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Japanese
Etymology
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *iku. Cognate with Okinawan 行ちゅん (ichun), Miyako 行きぃ (iksï).
Pronunciation
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「行く」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
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Stem forms
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Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形)
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行く
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いく
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Imperative (命令形)
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行け
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いけ
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Key constructions
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Passive
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行かれる
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いかれる
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Causative
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行かせる
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いかせる
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Potential
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行ける
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いける
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Volitional
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行こう
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いこー
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Negative
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行かない
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いかない
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Negative perfective
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行かなかった
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いかなかった
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Formal
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行きます
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いきます
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Perfective
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行った
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いった
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Conjunctive
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行って
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いって
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Hypothetical conditional
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行けば
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いけば
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Verb
行く or 行く • (iku or yuku) intransitive godan (stem 行き (iki), past 行った (itta))
- to go; to come to one's place
- 彼は京都に行っていたようだ。
- Kare wa Kyōto ni itte ita yō da.
- He seems to have been to Kyoto.
- 泳ぎに行ってもいい?
- Oyogi ni itte mo ii?
- May I go swimming?
- 今行くよ!
- Ima iku yo!
- I'm coming!
- もうこんな時間!そろそろ行かなきゃ。
- Mō konna jikan! Sorosoro ikanakya.
- Will you look at the time! I've got to get going.
- to (a letter) be delivered
- to depart
- ゆく年くる年。
- Yuku toshi kuru toshi.
- A year departing and a year coming.
- to rely (on a method)
- これで行くしかない。
- Kore de iku shika nai.
- The only option is to go with this.
- (年が〜) to age
- 彼は年が行っている。
- Kare wa toshi ga itte iru.
- He is old.
- (うまく〜) to go well
- そう毎度物事はうまく行かない。
- Sō maido monogoto wa umaku ikanai.
- Not every time do things go well.
- (auxiliary, usually spelled in hiragana) After the て-form of a verb:
- to continue to do something; to go on to do something
- to gradually do something
- イく: (slang) to have an orgasm, to come, to cum
Usage notes
- In English, the verbs go and come in the senses of physical motion are often used in relation to the listener. If Alice calls Bob and asks him if he is on his way to her party, he would say, "I'm coming."
- However, in Japanese, the verbs 行く (iku, “to go”) and 来る (kuru, “to come”) are used in relation to the speaker. If Alice calls Bob and asks him if he is on his way to her party, he would instead say, 「行きます」 (Ikimasu, "I'm going").
- The more common form, いく (iku), has a slightly irregular conjugation than a regular godan verb. Its perfective and conjunctive constructions are 行った (itta) and 行って (itte) respectively, instead of the expected いいた (iita) and いいて (iite). The literary form, ゆく (yuku), conjugates regularly as 行いた (yuita) and 行いて (yuite).
- As an auxiliary, it is more commonly spelled in hiragana. It can also be colloquially shortened to てく (-teku).
Conjugation
Stem forms
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Imperfective (未然形)
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行か
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いか ゆか
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ika yuka
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Continuative (連用形)
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行き
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いき ゆき
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iki yuki
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Terminal (終止形)
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行く
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いく ゆく
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iku yuku
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Attributive (連体形)
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行く
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いく ゆく
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iku yuku
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Hypothetical (仮定形)
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行け
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いけ ゆけ
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ike yuke
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Imperative (命令形)
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行け
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いけ ゆけ
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ike yuke
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Key constructions
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Passive
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行かれる
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いかれる ゆかれる
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ikareru yukareru
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Causative
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行かせる
行かす
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いかせる ゆかせる いかす ゆかす
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ikaseru yukaseru ikasu yukasu
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Potential
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行ける
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いける ゆける
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ikeru yukeru
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Volitional
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行こう
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いこう ゆこう
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ikō yukō
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Negative
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行かない
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いかない ゆかない
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ikanai yukanai
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Negative continuative
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行かず
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いかず ゆかず
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ikazu yukazu
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Formal
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行きます
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いきます ゆきます
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ikimasu yukimasu
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Perfective
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行った 行いた
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いった ゆいた
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itta yuita
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Conjunctive
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行って 行いて
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いって ゆいて
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itte yuite
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Hypothetical conditional
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行けば
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いけば ゆけば
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ikeba yukeba
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Stem forms
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Irrealis (未然形)
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行か |
ゆか |
yuka
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Continuative (連用形)
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行き |
ゆき |
yuki
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Terminal (終止形)
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行く |
ゆく |
yuku
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Attributive (連体形)
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行く |
ゆく |
yuku
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Realis (已然形)
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行け |
ゆけ |
yuke
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Imperative (命令形)
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行け |
ゆけ |
yuke
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Key constructions
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Negative
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行かず |
ゆかず |
yukazu
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Contrasting conjunction
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行けど |
ゆけど |
yukedo
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Causal conjunction
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行けば |
ゆけば |
yukeba
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Conditional conjunction
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行かば |
ゆかば |
yukaba
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Past tense (firsthand knowledge)
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行きき |
ゆきき |
yukiki
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Past tense (secondhand knowledge)
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行きけり |
ゆきけり |
yukikeri
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Perfect tense (conscious action)
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行きつ |
ゆきつ |
yukitu
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Perfect tense (natural event)
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行きぬ |
ゆきぬ |
yukinu
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Perfect-continuative tense
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行けり 行きたり |
ゆけり ゆきたり |
yukeri yukitari
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Volitional
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行かむ |
ゆかむ |
yukamu
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Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “to come”): 来る (kuru)
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN