. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
English
Etymology 1
Learned borrowing from Latin cum (“with”).
Pronunciation
Preposition
cum
- Used in indicating a thing or person which has two or more roles, functions, or natures, or a which has changed from one to another.
He built a bus-cum-greenhouse that made a bold statement, but the plants in it didn't live very long.
But instead of being a salesperson cum barista cum waitress merely serving the wordsmiths, I'm one of them, reading her latest baby out loud.
1926-1950, George Bernard Shaw, Collected Letters: 1926-1950, University of California/Viking, published 1985, page 31:He is too good an actor to need that sort of tomfoolery: the effect will be far better if he is a credible mining camp elder-cum-publican.
1944 May and June, “Notes and News: The Snailbeach District Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 183:One driver-cum-fireman-cum-fitter looks after the three locomotives, [...].
2001 Nov/Dec, David Sachs, “LET THEM EAT BITS”, in American Spectator, volume 34, number 8, page 78:The banner shows a yellowed silhouette of a boy (possibly Calvin, of Calvin & Hobbes) urinating on an EU flag. Sites such as this show the full power of the Internet as a propaganda medium cum travel service cum organizing tool. Oh, and nightlife directory.
2023 February 5, Kathryn Parsons, “Boom times are back in San Francisco’s tech mecca”, in The Sunday Times:Coffee shops-cum-meeting-spots dotted across the city are teeming (Equator, Blue Bottle and Saint Frank). Caffeine-fuelled, lactose-intolerant, macadamia milk latte-drinking young folk are journalling, manifesting, coding, ChatGPT-ing and pitching their ideas.
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:cum.
Usage notes
Also used in some British place names and civil parish names, see table below
Translations
Etymology 2
Variant of come, attested (in the basic sense "come, move from further to nearer, arrive") since Old English. The sexual sense of come is attested since the 1650s. In this sense and spelling, attested from 1970s.
Pronunciation
Noun
cum (uncountable)
- (colloquial, often vulgar) Semen.
- Synonyms: jizz, (chiefly UK) spunk, (US) spooge, nut, skeet, junk; see also Thesaurus:semen
1977, John Rechy, The Sexual Outlaw, New York: Dell, →ISBN, page 73:Jim descends into the murky tunnel; the faint odor of cum permeates the air.
- (colloquial, often vulgar) Female ejaculatory discharge.
- (colloquial, often vulgar) An ejaculation.
Derived terms
Translations
slang: semen
- Armenian: թոխում (hy) (tʿoxum)
- Bengali: মাল (bn) (mal)
- Catalan: llet (ca) f, lleterada f, escorreguda (ca) f, semen (ca) m, sement (ca) f, esperma (ca)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 精液 (zh) (jīngyè)
- Czech: mrdka (cs) f
- Danish: sperm c, sæd (da) c
- Dutch: kwakje (nl)
- Esperanto: ĉuro
- Estonian: jobi (et), pauk (et), sperma (et)
- Faroese: spin n
- Finnish: mälli (fi), flode
- French: foutre (fr) m, jute (fr) f, sirop de cordum (fr) m
- Georgian: თესლი (ka) (tesli)
- German: Sperma (de) n, Wichse (de) f
- Greek: χύσι (el) n (chýsi) (informal), χύσιμο (el) n (chýsimo) (informal)
- Hebrew: שפיך (he) m (shpich)
- Hungarian: sperma (hu), geci (hu)
- Icelandic: brundur m
- Indonesian: peju (vulgar)
- Italian: sborra (it) f
- Japanese: 精液 (ja) (せいえき, seieki), 精子 (ja) (せいし, seishi)
- Korean: 좆물 (jonmul), 정액(精液) (ko) (jeong'aek)
- Latin: serum (la) n
- Macedonian: сперма f (sperma), семе n (seme), свршка f (svrška) (slang), дрканица f (drkanica)
- Malagasy: ranon-tsirilahy (mg)
- Neapolitan: sfaccimma
- Norwegian: sperm m, sæd m
- Polish: sperma (pl) f, nasienie (pl) n, spust (pl) m
- Portuguese: esperma (pt) f, gozo (pt) m, porra (pt) f, leite (pt) m
- Romanian: sloboz (ro) m
- Russian: се́мя (ru) (sémja), спе́рма (ru) (spérma), молофья́ (ru) f (molofʹjá) (vulgar), конча́ (ru) f (končá) (vulgar), малафья́ (ru) f (malafʹjá) (vulgar)
- Serbo-Croatian: svršotina f, svrš m
- Sicilian: sburru m, ogghiu di sbrigghiu m, spacchiu m
- Spanish: corrida (es) f (Spain), acabada (es) f (Latin America), semen (es) m, lefa (es) f, leche (es) f (Spain), mecos (es) m pl (Mexico)
- Swedish: sagge (sv) c, säd (sv) c
- Tagalog: tamod
- Turkish: döl (tr), atmık (tr)
- Ukrainian: сперма f (sperma), сім'я n (simʺja)
- Vietnamese: tinh dịch (vi)
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slang: female ejaculatory discharge
Translations to be checked: "translations to be checked"
Verb
cum (third-person singular simple present cums, present participle cumming, simple past came or (nonstandard) cummed, past participle come or cum or (nonstandard) cummed)
- (slang, often vulgar) To have an orgasm, to feel the sensation of an orgasm.
- Synonym: climax
- (Can we add an example for this sense?)
- (slang, often vulgar) To ejaculate.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:ejaculate
1997 July 14, “Visits, Conjugal, and Otherwise”, in Oz, season 1, episode 2, spoken by Augustus Hill (Harold Perrineau):I got no sensation down there, so I don't know when I'm hard, I don't know when I cum. My wife's gotta tell me.
2019, “All Humans Too Late”, in The Book of Traps and Lessons, performed by Kae Tempest:Sucking on pork ribs and summoning pornography / So that we can cum when we fuck / Our partners don’t know us / Our families are strangers
- Eye dialect spelling of come (“move from further to nearer; arrive”).
1882, William Makepeace Thayer, From Log-Cabin to White House, page 162:“Where'd he cum from?” the bowman inquired. “That's what we'd like ter know, yer see; where he cum from, and how he happen'd to cum,” responded the steersman. “But he's a jolly good feller, strong as a lion, […] ”
Usage notes
Many style guides and editors recommend the spelling come for verb uses (to orgasm/to ejaculate) while strictly allowing the spelling cum for the noun (semen/female ejaculatory discharge). Both spellings are sometimes found in either the noun or verb sense, however. Others prefer to distinguish in formality, using come for any formal usage and cum only in slang, erotic or pornographic contexts.
The past tense and past participle variant cummed is used when the verb is felt as a denominal from the noun rather than a specialized sense of the verb come.
Translations
slang: have an orgasm; ejaculate
- Arabic: قَذْف الْمَنْي (qaḏf al-many)
- Armenian: թափել (hy) (tʿapʿel)
- Bengali: মাল ফেলা (bn) (mal phela)
- Catalan: escórrer-se (ca), ejacular (ca)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 射 (zh) (shè), 射精 (zh) (shèjīng), (slang) 出水 (zh) (chūshuǐ)
- Czech: stříkat (cs), udělat se (cs)
- Danish: ejakulere, komme (da)
- Dutch: klaarkomen (nl), komen (nl)
- Esperanto: orgasmi, ĉuri (eo)
- Estonian: orgasmi saama, pauku lahti saama, lahti saama, jobistama, tulema (et)
- Faroese: koma (fo)
- Finnish: saada (fi), tulla (fi), laueta (fi)
- French: venir (fr), juter (fr), éjaculer (fr), jouir (fr), balancer la purée (fr)
- Georgian: მითესლება (mitesleba)
- German: abspritzen (de), kommen (de) (informal)
- Greek: χύνω (el) (chýno)
- Ancient: χέω (khéō)
- Hebrew: גָּמַר (he) (gamár) (slang)
- Hungarian: elélvez (hu), elmegy (hu), elsül (hu)
- Icelandic: fá það
- Italian: venire (it), eiaculare (it), sborrare (it)
- Japanese: イく (iku), 射精する (shasei suru)
- Korean: 싸다 (ko) (ssada)
- Latin: eiaculare
- Macedonian: свршува (svršuva), ејакули́ра (ejakulíra)
- Malagasy: mitsitsitra, mitsitra (mg)
- Norwegian: ejakulere, sæde
- Polish: wytryskiwać, dochodzić (pl) impf, dojść (pl) pf
- Portuguese: ejacular (pt), gozar (pt), esporrar (pt)
- Romanian: slobozi (ro), își da drumul
- Russian: конча́ть (ru) impf (končátʹ), ко́нчить (ru) pf (kónčitʹ), эякули́ровать (ru) (ejakulírovatʹ) (impf or pf)
- Serbo-Croatian: svršiti (sh)
- Spanish: venir (es), irse (es), venirse (es), eyacular (es), correrse (es), acabar (es), terminar (es)
- Swedish: komma (sv)
- Thai: แตก (th) (dtɛ̀ɛk), น้ำแตก (th) (náam-dtɛ̀ɛk)
- Turkish: boşalmak (tr), gelmek (tr) (informal), attırmak (tr) (slang)
- Vietnamese: xuất tinh (vi)
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Etymology 3
Adjective
cum (not comparable)
- Clipping of cumulative.
Etymology 4
Noun
cum (uncountable)
- Abbreviation of cubic metre.
- The density of cement is 1440 kg/cum.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “cum”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 “cum”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 “cum”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “cum”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- ^ Glossophilia
Anagrams
Aromanian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *quomo, from Latin quōmodo.
Adverb
cum
- how
Conjunction
cum
- how
Eastern Cham
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Verb
cum
- to kiss
- to smell (something)
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish cummaid (“fashions, shapes, composes, determines; makes, creates, devises”), from cummae (“act of cutting, carving, hacking, destroying, butchering; act of shaping, fashioning, composing; shape, form, appearance”) (compare modern cuma).
Pronunciation
Verb
cum (present analytic cumann, future analytic cumfaidh, verbal noun cumadh, past participle cumtha) (transitive, intransitive)
- to form (give shape)
- to compose (construct by mental labor; to think up)
- to invent, make up, coin
- to concoct (contrive something using skill or ingenuity)
- to manufacture, fabricate (a story, excuse etc.)
Inflection
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singular
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plural
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relative
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autonomous
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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indicative
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present
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cumaim
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cumann tú; cumair†
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cumann sé, sí
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cumaimid
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cumann sibh
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cumann siad; cumaid†
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a chumann; a chumas / a gcumann*; a gcumas*
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cumtar
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past
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chum mé; chumas
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chum tú; chumais
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chum sé, sí
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chumamar; chum muid
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chum sibh; chumabhair
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chum siad; chumadar
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a chum / ar chum*
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cumadh
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past habitual
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chumainn / gcumainn‡‡
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chumtá / gcumtᇇ
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chumadh sé, sí / gcumadh sé, s퇇
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chumaimis; chumadh muid / gcumaimis‡‡; gcumadh muid‡‡
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chumadh sibh / gcumadh sibh‡‡
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chumaidís; chumadh siad / gcumaidís‡‡; gcumadh siad‡‡
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a chumadh / a gcumadh*
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chumtaí / gcumta퇇
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future
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cumfaidh mé; cumfad
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cumfaidh tú; cumfair†
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cumfaidh sé, sí
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cumfaimid; cumfaidh muid
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cumfaidh sibh
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cumfaidh siad; cumfaid†
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a chumfaidh; a chumfas / a gcumfaidh*; a gcumfas*
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cumfar
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conditional
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chumfainn / gcumfainn‡‡
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chumfá / gcumfᇇ
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chumfadh sé, sí / gcumfadh sé, s퇇
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chumfaimis; chumfadh muid / gcumfaimis‡‡; gcumfadh muid‡‡
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chumfadh sibh / gcumfadh sibh‡‡
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chumfaidís; chumfadh siad / gcumfaidís‡‡; gcumfadh siad‡‡
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a chumfadh / a gcumfadh*
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chumfaí / gcumfa퇇
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subjunctive
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present
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go gcuma mé; go gcumad†
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go gcuma tú; go gcumair†
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go gcuma sé, sí
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go gcumaimid; go gcuma muid
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go gcuma sibh
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go gcuma siad; go gcumaid†
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—
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go gcumtar
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past
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dá gcumainn
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dá gcumtá
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dá gcumadh sé, sí
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dá gcumaimis; dá gcumadh muid
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dá gcumadh sibh
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dá gcumaidís; dá gcumadh siad
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—
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dá gcumtaí
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imperative
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cumaim
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cum
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cumadh sé, sí
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cumaimis
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cumaigí; cumaidh†
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cumaidís
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—
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cumtar
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verbal noun
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cumadh
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past participle
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cumtha
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* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Mutation
Irish mutation
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Radical
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Lenition
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Eclipsis
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cum
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chum
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gcum
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Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cum”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “cummaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Entries containing “cum” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “cum” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Latin
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old Latin com, from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“next to, at, with, along”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *ga- (“co-”), Proto-Slavic *sъ(n) (“with”), Proto-Germanic *hansō. More at Hanse.
The ablative is from the PIE comitative-instrumental.
Preposition
cum (+ ablative)
- with, along with
- Titus cum familiā habitat. ― Titus lives with his family.
- magnā cum laude ― with great praise
- at (denoting a point in time with which an action coincides)
- Mīlitēs cum prīmā lūce vēnērunt. ― The soldiers came at day-break.
- -fold (with ordinal number)
- cum centesimo efficere ― to yield a hundredfold
Derived terms
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Old Latin quom, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷóm, accusative of *kʷos, *kʷis. Compare its feminine form quam (as in tum-tam).
Alternative forms
Conjunction
cum (followed by the subjunctive)
- when, after (causal, with imperfect subjunctive or pluperfect subjunctive)
- because, since
- although
cum (followed by the indicative)
- when, while (temporal, with present indicative or perfect indicative)
Usage notes
- In the sense of when, if there is no causal link between the verb in the dependent clause and the verb in the main clause (sometimes called an inverted cum-clause, as the 'main action' of the sentence occurs in the dependent clause), the indicative is used rather than the subjunctive.
- per viam ambulābāmus cum pugnam vīdimus. — "We were walking through the street when we saw a fight."
Often coupled with tum
- Such that "tum x, cum y" = "then x, when y"
- "cum x tum y"="not only x but also y"
Coordinate terms
Derived terms
References
- (preposition) “cum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- (conjunction) “cum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “cum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- cum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- cum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- a storm accompanied by heavy claps of thunder: tempestas cum magno fragore (caeli) tonitribusque (Liv. 1. 16)
- to have the same boundaries; to be coterminous: continentem esse terrae or cum terra (Fam. 15. 2. 2)
- at the same moment that, precisely when: eo ipso tempore, cum; tum ipsum, cum
- occasions arise for..: incidunt tempora, cum
- I have not seen you for five years: quinque anni sunt or sextus annus est, cum te non vidi
- to live to see the day when..: diem videre, cum...
- with many tears: multis cum lacrimis
- with many tears: magno cum fletu
- so-and-so is in a very satisfactory position; prospers: agitur praeclare, bene cum aliquo
- under such circumstances: quae cum ita sint
- to struggle with adversity: conflictari (cum) adversa fortuna
- to balance a loss by anything: damnum compensare cum aliqua re
- to form a friendship with any one: amicitiam cum aliquo jungere, facere, inire, contrahere
- I am on good terms with a person: est or intercedit mihi cum aliquo amicitia
- I am on bad terms with a person: sunt or intercedunt mihi cum aliquo inimicitiae
- to be bound by the closest ties of friendship: artissimo amicitiae vinculo or summa familiaritate cum aliquo coniunctum esse
- to be at enmity with a man: inimicitias gerere, habere, exercere cum aliquo
- to make a person one's enemy: inimicitias cum aliquo suscipere
- to reconcile two people; to be a mediator: in gratiam aliquem cum aliquo reducere
- to be reconciled; to make up a quarrel: in gratiam cum aliquo redire
- to expostulate with a person about a thing: conqueri, expostulare cum aliquo de aliqua re
- I heard him say..: ex eo audivi, cum diceret
- to confuse true with false: vera cum falsis confundere
- to imbibe error from one's mother's breasts: errorem cum lacte nutricis sugere (Tusc. 3. 1. 2)
- (1) to communicate one's plans to some one; (2) to make common cause with a person. Similarly c. causam, rationem: consilia cum aliquo communicare
- to think over, consider a thing: secum (cum animo) reputare aliquid
- to think over, consider a thing: considerare in, cum animo, secum aliquid
- to enjoy close intercourse with... (of master and pupil): multum esse cum aliquo (Fam. 16. 21)
- to be closely connected with a thing: cohaerere, coniunctum esse cum aliqua re
- to maintain a controversy with some one: controversiam (contentionem) habere cum aliquo
- to come to an understanding with a person: transigere aliquid cum aliquo
- to agree with a person: consentire, idem sentire cum aliquo
- to disagree with a person: dissentire, dissidere ab or cum aliquo
- to be united by having a common language: eiusdem linguae societate coniunctum esse cum aliquo (De Or. 3. 59. 223)
- to hold an altercation with a man: verbis concertare or altercari cum aliquo (B. C. 3. 19. 6)
- to correspond with some one: colloqui cum aliquo per litteras
- to my sorrow: cum magno meo dolore
- my relations with him are most hospitable: mihi cum illo hospitium est, intercedit
- to become a friend and guest of a person: hospitium cum aliquo facere, (con-)iungere
- to associate with some one: societatem inire, facere cum aliquo
- to be always in some one's company: assiduum esse cum aliquo
- to be on friendly terms with a person: usu, familiaritate, consuetudine coniunctum esse cum aliquo
- to be on friendly terms with a person: est mihi consuetudo, or usus cum aliquo
- to be on friendly terms with a person: vivere cum aliquo
- relations are strained between us: in simultate cum aliquo sum
- to enter into conversation with some one: sermonem conferre, instituere, ordiri cum aliquo
- to enter into conversation with some one: se dare in sermonem cum aliquo
- to converse, talk with a person on a subject: sermonem habere cum aliquo de aliqua re (De Am. 1. 3)
- to meet a person by arrangement, interview him: congredi cum aliquo
- to speak personally to..: coram loqui (cum aliquo)
- to shake hands with a person: dextram iungere cum aliquo, dextras inter se iungere
- to be married to some one: nuptam esse cum aliquo or alicui
- to separate from, divorce (of the man): divortium facere cum uxore
- to have business relations with some one: contrahere rem or negotium cum aliquo (Cluent. 14. 41)
- to transact, settle a matter with some one: transigere aliquid (de aliqua re) cum aliquo or inter se
- to do no business with a man: nihil cum aliquo contrahere
- to balance accounts with some one: rationes putare cum aliquo
- to be content with 12 per cent at compound interest: centesimis cum anatocismo contentum esse (Att. 5. 21. 12)
- to contend with some one for the pre-eminence: contendere cum aliquo de principatu (Nep. Arist. 1)
- to submit a formal proposition to the people: agere cum populo (Leg. 3. 4. 10)
- to be on a person's side (not ab alicuius partibus): ab (cum) aliquo stare (Brut. 79. 273)
- to take some one's side: cum aliquo facere (Sull. 13. 36)
- to conspire with some one: conspirare cum aliquo (contra aliquem)
- to have unlimited power; to be invested with imperium: cum imperio esse (cf. XVI. 3)
- to go to law with a person: (ex) iure, lege agere cum aliquo
- to proceed against some one with the utmost rigour of the law; to strain the law in one's favour: summo iure agere cum aliquo (cf. summum ius, summa iniuria)
- to live with some one on an equal footing: aequo iure vivere cum aliquo
- to isolate a witness: aliquem a ceteris separare et in arcam conicere ne quis cum eo colloqui possit (Mil. 22. 60)
- to join forces with some one: copias (arma) cum aliquo iungere or se cum aliquo iungere
- to hold a high command: cum imperio esse
- to be armed: cum telo esse
- to begin a war with some one: bellum cum aliquo inire
- to make war on a person: bellum gerere cum aliquo
- to advance with the army: procedere cum exercitu
- with wife and child: cum uxoribus et liberis
- to come to close quarters: manum (us) conserere cum hoste
- to come to close quarters: signa conferre cum hoste
- to fight a pitched, orderly battle with an enemy: iusto (opp. tumultuario) proelio confligere cum hoste (Liv. 35. 4)
- a hand-to-hand engagement ensued: tum pes cum pede collatus est (Liv. 28. 2)
- with great loss: magno cum detrimento
- to treat with some one about peace: agere cum aliquo de pace
- to make peace with some one: pacem facere cum aliquo
- to conclude a treaty with some one: pactionem facere cum aliquo (Sall. Iug. 40)
- to conclude a treaty, an alliance: foedus facere (cum aliquo), icere, ferire
- allow me to say: bona (cum) venia tua dixerim
- putting aside, except: cum discessi, -eris, -eritis ab
Manx
Etymology 1
From Old Irish con·gaib. Cognate with Irish coinnigh and Scottish Gaelic cum.
Verb
cum (verbal noun cummal)
- grip, hold
- keep, arrest, retain
- contain
- live, inhabit
- celebrate
Etymology 2
From Middle Irish cummaid, a denominative verb from cumma, itself from Old Irish cummae (“shape, form, appearance”).
Verb
cum (verbal noun cummey)
- plan, devise
- fabricate, shape, mould
- indite
Mutation
Old French
Conjunction
cum
- Alternative form of conme
Old Irish
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Verb
·cum
- Alternative form of ·cumai, third-person singular present subjunctive prototonic of con·icc
Mutation
Old Irish mutation
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Radical |
Lenition |
Nasalization
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·cum
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·chum
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·cum pronounced with /-ɡ(ʲ)-/
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Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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References
- ^ McCone, Kim (1997) The Early Irish Verb (Maynooth Monographs 1), 2nd edition, Maynooth: An Sagart, →ISBN, page 34: “This process favoured the type without final unstressed vowel, whence -cum alongside -cumai (con:ic)”
Portuguese
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From contraction of preposition com (“with”) + masculine article um (“a”). Compare Galician cun.
Contraction
cum m sg (masculine plural cuns, feminine singular cuma, feminine plural cumas)
- (Portugal, informal) Contraction of com um (“with a”).
Etymology 2
Preposition
cum
- (Brazil, Internet slang) Eye dialect spelling of com.
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:cum.
Further reading
Rohingya
Etymology
From Sanskrit चुम्ब (cumba).
Noun
cum
- kiss
Romanian
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Late Latin quomo, from Latin quōmodo.
Pronunciation
Adverb
cum
- (interrogative or negative) how
Cum ți-ar plăcea cafeaua?- How would you like your coffee?
Conjunction
cum
- how
- as, since, seeing that
- (informal) Synonym of de cum (“as soon as”)
Usage notes
Sense 2 is low-pitched or unstressed, while sense 3 is high-pitched or stressed.
Derived terms
References
Scots
Etymology
From Middle English cumen, variant of comen, from Old English cuman. Cognate with English come and Yola coome.
Pronunciation
Verb
cum
- to come
Scottish Gaelic
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old Irish con·gaib. Cognate with Irish coinnigh and Manx cum.
Verb
cum (past chum, future cumaidh, verbal noun cumail, past participle cumta)
- keep, hold
- Cùm seo dhomhsa gu Dihaoine. ― Keep this for me till Friday.
- Chùm i an taigh glan. ― She kept the house clean.
- Cha do chùm e ris a’ bhargan. ― He didn’t keep the bargain.
- keep, continue
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Old Irish cummaid (“to fashion, makes”), from cummae (“act of cutting, shaping”), verbal noun of con·ben.
Verb
cum (past chum, future cumaidh, verbal noun cumadh, past participle cumta)
- shape, form
Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
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Radical
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Lenition
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cum |
chum
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Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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Yola
Verb
cum
- Alternative form of coome
1867, “DR. RUSSELL ON THE INHABITANTS AND DIALECT OF THE BARONY OF FORTH”, in APPENDIX:Fad didn'st thou cum t' ouz on zum other dey?
References
- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 131