違い

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
違
ちが
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Etymology 1

連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 違(ちが)う (chigau, “to differ”).

Pronunciation

Noun

違(ちが)い • (chigai) ←ちがひ (tigafi)?

  1. difference
    A と B の違(ちが)い
    A to B no chigai
    difference between A and B

Suffix

違(ちが)い • (-chigai) ←ちがひ (-tigafi)?

  1. difference, discrepancy
Antonyms

Etymology 2

Formed from 違(ちが)う (chigau, “to differ”).

Alternative forms

  • (informal, terminal or attributive form) ちげえ (chigē)

Pronunciation

Adjective

違(ちが)い • (chigai) -i (adverbial 違(ちが)く (chigaku))

  1. (proscribed, informal) being different
    ちげーんだよ。
    Chigē n da yo.
    It's not like that.
Usage notes
  • The terminal and attributive is usually ちげえ (chigē); ちがい (chigai) is rare, if even existent.
Inflection
Inflection of 違い
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 違かろ ちがかろ chigakaro
Continuative (連用形) 違く ちがく chigaku
Terminal (終止形) 違い ちがい chigai
Attributive (連体形) 違い ちがい chigai
Hypothetical (仮定形) 違けれ ちがけれ chigakere
Imperative (命令形) 違かれ ちがかれ chigakare
Key constructions
Informal negative 違くない ちがくない chigaku nai
Informal past 違かった ちがかった chigakatta
Informal negative past 違くなかった ちがくなかった chigaku nakatta
Formal 違いです ちがいです chigai desu
Formal negative 違くないです ちがくないです chigaku nai desu
Formal past 違かったです ちがかったです chigakatta desu
Formal negative past 違くなかったです ちがくなかったです chigaku nakatta desu
Conjunctive 違くて ちがくて chigakute
Conditional 違ければ ちがければ chigakereba
Provisional 違かったら ちがかったら chigakattara
Volitional 違かろう ちがかろう chigakarō
Adverbial 違く ちがく chigaku
Degree 違さ ちがさ chigasa

Further reading

  • 塩田雄大 (2000 October 1) “違くない？”, in NHK放送文化研究所‎

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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