Inherited from Middle French espraindre, from Old French espreindre, espraindre, inherited from Vulgar Latin *expremere, from Latin exprimere. Doublet of exprimer, a borrowing.
épreindre
This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in 't' instead of a vowel.
| infinitive | simple | épreindre | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | épreignant /e.pʁɛ.ɲɑ̃/ or /e.pʁe.ɲɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | épreint /e.pʁɛ̃/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | épreins /e.pʁɛ̃/ |
épreins /e.pʁɛ̃/ |
épreint /e.pʁɛ̃/ |
épreignons /e.pʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /e.pʁe.ɲɔ̃/ |
épreignez /e.pʁɛ.ɲe/ or /e.pʁe.ɲe/ |
épreignent /e.pʁɛɲ/ |
| imperfect | épreignais /e.pʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /e.pʁe.ɲɛ/ |
épreignais /e.pʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /e.pʁe.ɲɛ/ |
épreignait /e.pʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /e.pʁe.ɲɛ/ |
épreignions /e.pʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /e.pʁe.ɲjɔ̃/ |
épreigniez /e.pʁɛ.ɲje/ or /e.pʁe.ɲje/ |
épreignaient /e.pʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /e.pʁe.ɲɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | épreignis /e.pʁɛ.ɲi/ or /e.pʁe.ɲi/ |
épreignis /e.pʁɛ.ɲi/ or /e.pʁe.ɲi/ |
épreignit /e.pʁɛ.ɲi/ or /e.pʁe.ɲi/ |
épreignîmes /e.pʁɛ.ɲim/ or /e.pʁe.ɲim/ |
épreignîtes /e.pʁɛ.ɲit/ or /e.pʁe.ɲit/ |
épreignirent /e.pʁɛ.ɲiʁ/ or /e.pʁe.ɲiʁ/ | |
| future | épreindrai /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁe/ |
épreindras /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁa/ |
épreindra /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁa/ |
épreindrons /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ |
épreindrez /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁe/ |
épreindront /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | épreindrais /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
épreindrais /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
épreindrait /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
épreindrions /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ |
épreindriez /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁi.je/ |
épreindraient /e.pʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | épreigne /e.pʁɛɲ/ |
épreignes /e.pʁɛɲ/ |
épreigne /e.pʁɛɲ/ |
épreignions /e.pʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /e.pʁe.ɲjɔ̃/ |
épreigniez /e.pʁɛ.ɲje/ or /e.pʁe.ɲje/ |
épreignent /e.pʁɛɲ/ |
| imperfect2 | épreignisse /e.pʁɛ.ɲis/ or /e.pʁe.ɲis/ |
épreignisses /e.pʁɛ.ɲis/ or /e.pʁe.ɲis/ |
épreignît /e.pʁɛ.ɲi/ or /e.pʁe.ɲi/ |
épreignissions /e.pʁɛ.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ or /e.pʁe.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ |
épreignissiez /e.pʁɛ.ɲi.sje/ or /e.pʁe.ɲi.sje/ |
épreignissent /e.pʁɛ.ɲis/ or /e.pʁe.ɲis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | épreins /e.pʁɛ̃/ |
— | épreignons /e.pʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /e.pʁe.ɲɔ̃/ |
épreignez /e.pʁɛ.ɲe/ or /e.pʁe.ɲe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||