étendre

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French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French estendre, from Old French estendre, from Latin extendere.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /e.tɑ̃dʁ/
  • Audio(file)

Verb

étendre

  1. to stretch (the limbs)
  2. to spread
  3. to hang out (washing)
  4. to extend
  5. to enlarge, expand
    • 2020, Alexis Chabot, Manuel de culture générale – Cours & méthode, page 36:
      Cependant, un tel critère reste difficile à prendre au pied de la lettre : n’est-il pas très exceptionnel que le Peuple gouverne? En existe-t-il de véritables exemples? Il importe donc d’étendre cette notion pour intégrer le concept de représentation : faute de quoi on pourrait facilement conclure, à l’instar de [Rousseau] dans son essai Du contrat social qu’«aucune démocratie n’existe ni n’existera jamais en ce monde».
      However, such a criterion is difficult to take literally: isn't it exceptional for the People to govern? Are there any real examples? Otherwise, we could easily conclude, as did in his essay The Social Contract, that "no democracy exists or will ever exist in this world".
  6. (reflexive) to expand upon; to discuss in greater detail
  7. to dilute; to water down

Conjugation

Conjugation of étendre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple étendre
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple étendant
/e.tɑ̃.dɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle étendu
/e.tɑ̃.dy/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present étends
/e.tɑ̃/ 		étends
/e.tɑ̃/ 		étend
/e.tɑ̃/ 		étendons
/e.tɑ̃.dɔ̃/ 		étendez
/e.tɑ̃.de/ 		étendent
/e.tɑ̃d/
imperfect étendais
/e.tɑ̃.dɛ/ 		étendais
/e.tɑ̃.dɛ/ 		étendait
/e.tɑ̃.dɛ/ 		étendions
/e.tɑ̃.djɔ̃/ 		étendiez
/e.tɑ̃.dje/ 		étendaient
/e.tɑ̃.dɛ/
past historic2 étendis
/e.tɑ̃.di/ 		étendis
/e.tɑ̃.di/ 		étendit
/e.tɑ̃.di/ 		étendîmes
/e.tɑ̃.dim/ 		étendîtes
/e.tɑ̃.dit/ 		étendirent
/e.tɑ̃.diʁ/
future étendrai
/e.tɑ̃.dʁe/ 		étendras
/e.tɑ̃.dʁa/ 		étendra
/e.tɑ̃.dʁa/ 		étendrons
/e.tɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/ 		étendrez
/e.tɑ̃.dʁe/ 		étendront
/e.tɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/
conditional étendrais
/e.tɑ̃.dʁɛ/ 		étendrais
/e.tɑ̃.dʁɛ/ 		étendrait
/e.tɑ̃.dʁɛ/ 		étendrions
/e.tɑ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ 		étendriez
/e.tɑ̃.dʁi.je/ 		étendraient
/e.tɑ̃.dʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present étende
/e.tɑ̃d/ 		étendes
/e.tɑ̃d/ 		étende
/e.tɑ̃d/ 		étendions
/e.tɑ̃.djɔ̃/ 		étendiez
/e.tɑ̃.dje/ 		étendent
/e.tɑ̃d/
imperfect2 étendisse
/e.tɑ̃.dis/ 		étendisses
/e.tɑ̃.dis/ 		étendît
/e.tɑ̃.di/ 		étendissions
/e.tɑ̃.di.sjɔ̃/ 		étendissiez
/e.tɑ̃.di.sje/ 		étendissent
/e.tɑ̃.dis/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — étends
/e.tɑ̃/ 		— étendons
/e.tɑ̃.dɔ̃/ 		étendez
/e.tɑ̃.de/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

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