κίνδυνος
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Ancient Greek
Etymology
The connection with κίνδαξ (kíndax, “quick, nimble”), ὀνοκίνδιος (onokíndios, “donkey-driver”) is formally attractive. For the semantics, Prellwitz and Vendryes compare Latin sollicitus (“agitated, disturbed”), which is from sollus (“whole, entire”) + cieō (“move, stir, shake”). Attempts at an Indo-European etymology should be given up. The Pre-Greek character is clear in view of the ending -ῡν-.[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kín.dyː.nos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkin.dy.nos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈcin.dy.nos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈcin.dy.nos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈcin.di.nos/
Noun
κῐ́νδῡνος • (kĭ́ndūnos) m (genitive κῐνδῡ́νου); second declension (Epic, Attic, Doric, Koine)
Declension
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ κῐ́νδῡνος ho kĭ́ndūnos |
τὼ κῐνδῡ́νω tṑ kĭndū́nō |
οἱ κῐ́νδῡνοι hoi kĭ́ndūnoi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ κῐνδῡ́νου toû kĭndū́nou |
τοῖν κῐνδῡ́νοιν toîn kĭndū́noin |
τῶν κῐνδῡ́νων tôn kĭndū́nōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ κῐνδῡ́νῳ / κῐ́νδῡνῐ tôi kĭndū́nōi / kĭ́ndūnĭ |
τοῖν κῐνδῡ́νοιν toîn kĭndū́noin |
τοῖς κῐνδῡ́νοις toîs kĭndū́nois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν κῐ́νδῡνον tòn kĭ́ndūnon |
τὼ κῐνδῡ́νω tṑ kĭndū́nō |
τοὺς κῐνδῡ́νους toùs kĭndū́nous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | κῐ́νδῡνε kĭ́ndūne |
κῐνδῡ́νω kĭndū́nō |
κῐ́νδῡνοι kĭ́ndūnoi | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἀκῐ́νδῡνος (akĭ́ndūnos)
- ἐπῐκῐ́νδῡνος (epĭkĭ́ndūnos)
- κῐνδῡ́νευμᾰ (kĭndū́neumă)
- κῐνδῡνευτής (kĭndūneutḗs)
- κῐνδῡνευτῐκός (kĭndūneutĭkós)
- κῐνδῡνεύω (kĭndūneúō)
- κῐνδῡνώδης (kĭndūnṓdēs)
- ῥῑψοκῐ́νδῡνος (rhīpsokĭ́ndūnos)
- ὑποκῐ́νδῡνος (hupokĭ́ndūnos)
- φῐλοκῐ́νδῡνος (phĭlokĭ́ndūnos)
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κίνδυνος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 699-700
Further reading
- “κίνδυνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κίνδυνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- κίνδυνος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- “κίνδυνος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2794 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Greek
Etymology
Ancient Greek κῐ́νδῡνος (kĭ́ndūnos).
Pronunciation
Noun
κίνδυνος • (kíndynos) m (plural κίνδυνοι)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | κίνδυνος (kíndynos) | κίνδυνοι (kíndynoi) |
| genitive | κινδύνου (kindýnou) | κινδύνων (kindýnon) |
| accusative | κίνδυνο (kíndyno) | κινδύνους (kindýnous) |
| vocative | κίνδυνε (kíndyne) | κίνδυνοι (kíndynoi) |
Derived terms
- ακίνδυνος (akíndynos, “harmless”)
- επικίνδυνος (epikíndynos, “dangerous, risky, unsafe”)
- επικινδυνότητα f (epikindynótita)
- ριψοκίνδυνος (ripsokíndynos, “dangerous, hazardous, risky”)
Expressions
- δημόσιος κίνδυνος (dimósios kíndynos)
- έξοδος κινδύνου f (éxodos kindýnou, “emergency exit”)
- κώδωνας κινδύνου (kódonas kindýnou)
Related terms
- κινδυνεύω (kindynévo, “to be in danger”) and derivatives
- κινδυνολογώ (kindynologó)
Further reading
κίνδυνος on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia el
