башня

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Russian

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Etymology

First recorded in the 1st Pskov manuscript. Often used in the 17th century. Inherited from Old East Slavic башта (bašta) from Italian bastia via Polish baszta or Czech bašta. The ending was influenced by the suffix -ня (-nja), which creates nouns of place, as in па́шня (pášnja), тамо́жня (tamóžnja). Doublet of бастио́н (bastión).

Pronunciation

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Noun

ба́шня (bášnjaf inan (genitive ба́шни, nominative plural ба́шни, genitive plural ба́шен, relational adjective ба́шенный, diminutive ба́шенка)

  1. tower
    вавило́нская ба́шняvavilónskaja bášnjathe tower of Babel
    водонапо́рная ба́шняvodonapórnaja bášnjawater tower
    Э́йфелева ба́шняÉjfeleva bášnjaEiffel Tower
    ба́шня из слоно́вой ко́стиbášnja iz slonóvoj kóstiivory tower
    сторожева́я ба́шняstoroževája bášnjawatchtower
  2. (military) turret (rotating gun installation)
    оруди́йная ба́шняorudíjnaja bášnjagun turret, artillery turret
    • 2017, Максим Коломиец [Maxim Kolomiyets], “От позиционного танка — к пятибашенному”, in Советский тяжёлый танк Т-35. «Сталинский монстр», Москва: Стратегия КМ, Яуза, Эксмо; English translation from (Please provide a date or year):
      По указа́нию И. В. Ста́лина, кото́рый о́чень интересова́лся разрабо́тками но́вых ти́пов сове́тских та́нков, была́ произведена́ унифика́ция гла́вных ба́шен Т-35 и Т-28.
      Po ukazániju I. V. Stálina, kotóryj óčenʹ interesoválsja razrabótkami nóvyx típov sovétskix tánkov, bylá proizvedená unifikácija glávnyx bášen T-35 i T-28.
      According to J. V. Stalin's order, who was very interested in developments of new Soviet tank models, a harmonization of the main T-35 and T-28 turrets had been produced.

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Kildin Sami: башня (bašnja)
  • Uzbek: bashnya

References

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “башня”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress