деревня

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Russian

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Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic дере́внꙗ (derévnja), from Proto-Slavic *dьrvьňa.

Cognates include Latvian druva (cornfield, plough-land) and Lithuanian dirvà (field, land), also Lithuanian dirvónas (fallow field, set-aside land). Baltic borrowing (with later semantic change from plough-land to homestead and then to hamlet) is likely considering the lack of cognates in other Slavic languages.

Pronunciation

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Noun

дере́вня (derévnjaf inan (genitive дере́вни, nominative plural дере́вни, genitive plural дереве́нь, relational adjective дереве́нский, diminutive дереве́нька or дереву́шка)

  1. village, hamlet
    Synonyms: посёлок (posjólok), поселе́ние (poselénije), село (selo), селе́ние (selénije), стани́ца (staníca), ху́тор (xútor)
    • 1862, Иван Тургенев [Ivan Turgenev], “Глава 15”, in Отцы и дети; English translation from Richard Hare, transl., Fathers and Sons, 1947:
      А́нна Серге́евна Одинцо́ва родила́сь от Серге́я Никола́евича Ло́ктева, изве́стного краса́вца, афери́ста и игрока́, кото́рый, продержа́вшись и прошуме́в лет пятна́дцать в Петербу́рге и в Москве́, ко́нчил тем, что проигра́лся в прах и принуждён был посели́ться в дере́вне, где, впро́чем, ско́ро у́мер, оста́вив кро́шечное состоя́ние двум свои́м дочеря́м, А́нне — двадцати́ и Катери́не — двена́дцати лет.
      Ánna Sergéjevna Odincóva rodilásʹ ot Sergéja Nikolájeviča Lókteva, izvéstnovo krasávca, aferísta i igroká, kotóryj, proderžávšisʹ i prošumév let pjatnádcatʹ v Peterbúrge i v Moskvé, kónčil tem, što proigrálsja v prax i prinuždjón byl poselítʹsja v derévne, gde, vpróčem, skóro úmer, ostáviv króšečnoje sostojánije dvum svoím dočerjám, Ánne — dvadcatí i Kateríne — dvenádcati let.
      Anna Sergeyevna Odintsova was the daughter of Sergei Nikolayevich Loktev, notorious for his personal beauty, speculations and gambling, who after fifteen years of a stormy and sensational life in Petersburg and Moscow, ended by ruining himself completely at cards and was obliged to retire to the country, where soon afterwards he died, leaving a very small property to his two daughters--Anna, a girl of twenty at that time, and Katya, a child of twelve.
  2. (collective) the countryside, the rural population
  3. (colloquial, both feminine and masculine with animacy) yokel, bumpkin
    Synonym: дереве́нщина (derevénščina)
    Дере́вня! Э́то не пиджа́к, э́то смо́кинг.Derévnja! Éto ne pidžák, éto smóking.What a yokel! This isn't a coat, it’s a tuxedo.
    Сиди́т? — Кто? — Ну, мужи́к […] — О дере́вня, а? […] Кто ж его́ поса́дит?! Он же па́мятник!
    Sidít? — Kto? — Nu, mužík […] — O derévnja, a? […] Kto ž jevó posádit?! On že pámjatnik!
    Is he sitting? — Who? — That man. — Bumpkin! Who could throw him in prison? He’s a monument! (Play on the meanings of сидеть, meaning to sit and to be in prison, in the movie, Gentlemen of Fortune)
  4. (collective, dialectal) a tree
  5. (dialectal) a place which is not a wild field
  6. (dialectal) a rural community
  7. (dialectal) a bunch of fallen trees

Usage notes

  • Traditionally, дере́вня (derévnja) referred to a smaller village without a church, while село́ (seló) referred to a larger village with a church.

Declension

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Филин, Ф. П., editor (1972), “дере́вня”, in Slovarʹ russkix narodnyx govorov [Dictionary of Russian Dialects] (in Russian), volume 8, Leningrad: Nauka, Leningrad branch, page 13

Further reading