кѫпало

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Old East Slavic

Alternative forms

купало (kupalo) (Late East Slavic)

Etymology

By surface analysis, кѫпати (kǫpati, “to bathe”) +‎ -ло (-lo). Belarusian купа́ўло (kupáŭlo, “bathing place”) suggests it's inherited from Proto-Slavic *kǫpadlo, but the original meaning is unattested.

Sense 2 is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek βαπτιστής (baptistḗs, “baptist”) from βαπτίζω (baptízō, “to wash, clean with water; to baptize”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kõˈpɑlɔ/→/kuˈpalɔ/→/kuˈpalɔ/

(ca. 9^th CE) IPA^(key): /kõˈpɑlɔ/
(ca. 11^th CE) IPA^(key): /kuˈpalɔ/
(ca. 13^th CE) IPA^(key): /kuˈpalɔ/

Hyphenation: кѫ‧па‧ло

Noun

кѫпало (kǫpalo) n

(possibly, originally) bathing place
baptist

Declension

Declension of кѫпало (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	кѫпало kǫpalo	кѫпалѣ kǫpalě	кѫпала kǫpala
Genitive	кѫпала kǫpala	кѫпалу kǫpalu	кѫпалъ kǫpalŭ
Dative	кѫпалу kǫpalu	кѫпалома kǫpaloma	кѫпаломъ kǫpalomŭ
Accusative	кѫпало kǫpalo	кѫпалѣ kǫpalě	кѫпала kǫpala
Instrumental	кѫпалъмь kǫpalŭmĭ	кѫпалома kǫpaloma	кѫпалꙑ kǫpaly
Locative	кѫпалѣ kǫpalě	кѫпалу kǫpalu	кѫпалѣхъ kǫpalěxŭ
Vocative	кѫпало kǫpalo	кѫпалѣ kǫpalě	кѫпала kǫpala

Derived terms

(nouns):

кѫпала (kǫpala)
кѫпалиꙗ (kǫpalija)

Descendants

Russian: Купа́ло (Kupálo)
Belarusian: (dialectal) купа́ўло (kupáŭlo)
Ukrainian: Купа́йло (Kupájlo)
- ⇒ Ukrainian: Іва́н Купа́ло (Iván Kupálo)

References

Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “кꙋпало”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volume 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 1369

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