раковина
Bulgarian
Etymology
Formed from ра́ка (ráka, “old-style casket, chest”) (historical, outdated) + -овина (-ovina). At least the secondary meaning cavity, flaw (if not the word itself) is borrowed from Russian ра́ковина (rákovina).
Pronunciation
Noun
ра́ковина or ракови́на • (rákovina or rakovína) f
- shell (exoskeleton of mollusca, typically snails, rapana, mussels)
- Synonym: черу́пка (čerúpka)
- (material science) blister, cavity, blowhole, flaw (formed during the solidification of a melted material, e.g. metal, concrete)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | ра́ковина, ракови́на rákovina, rakovína |
ра́ковини, ракови́ни rákovini, rakovíni |
| definite | ра́ковината, ракови́ната rákovinata, rakovínata |
ра́ковините, ракови́ните rákovinite, rakovínite |
Related terms
- ра́кла (rákla, “coffer, chest”)
References
- “раковина”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “раковина”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Russian
Etymology
Inherited from Old East Slavic раковина (rakovina, “mother of pearl”). Per Vasmer, from Proto-Slavic *orky (“shell”) (genitive *orkъve) + *-ina, from Proto-Germanic *arkō (“chest, coffer”), from Latin arca (“chest, coffer, coffin”). Cognate with ра́ка (ráka, “shrine of a saint, originally coffin”), from the same Latin source, and with Slovene rákəv (“coffin, crypt”), Czech rakev (“coffin”), rakvice (“shell”), Slovak rakev (“box”), Polabian rakåí (“box”).
Pronunciation
Noun
ра́ковина • (rákovina) f inan (genitive ра́ковины, nominative plural ра́ковины, genitive plural ра́ковин, diminutive раку́шка or ра́кушка)
- shell (hard calcareous external covering of mollusks)
- (anatomy) pinna, auricle, helix (the external ear)
- sink, washbowl, basin, bowl
- vesicle
- bandstand
- (metallurgy) blister, cavity, bubble, flaw, blowhole
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ра́ковина rákovina |
ра́ковины rákoviny |
| genitive | ра́ковины rákoviny |
ра́ковин rákovin |
| dative | ра́ковине rákovine |
ра́ковинам rákovinam |
| accusative | ра́ковину rákovinu |
ра́ковины rákoviny |
| instrumental | ра́ковиной, ра́ковиною rákovinoj, rákovinoju |
ра́ковинами rákovinami |
| prepositional | ра́ковине rákovine |
ра́ковинах rákovinax |
Synonyms
- раку́шка (rakúška)
- умыва́льник (umyválʹnik)
- каверна (kaverna)
Related terms
- раковинка (rakovinka)
- ракушечник (rakušečnik)
Descendants
- → Uzbek: rakovina