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Used to denote the sound ~ when in a syllabic position and when in a consonantal position, analogous to Greek upsilon. In some texts, however, ⟨ѵ⟩ was used to denote exclusively, whereas the vowel was instead written ⟨ѷ⟩ (ižica with kěndema).
In Russian, this letter was used for the letter υ(u, upsilon). It was pronounced by itself, and or after a vowel; similar to its counterpart in modern Greek.
Since the 18th century, the letter izhitsa became rarely used in Russian, until in the early 20th century it consistently appeared in one word, мѵро(miro, “myrrh”) and derived words. There were several other terms that were sometimes written with the izhitsa, such as сѵнодъ(sinod, “synod”), Сѵрія(Sirija, “Syria”), and ѵпостась(ipostasʹ, “hypostasis; the being of Jesus Christ”).
It was finally eliminated during the spelling reform of 1918, though remained in use until the 1950s as a designation for a series of Russian – later Soviet – steam locomotives; these being withdrawn in the 1950s.