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Old Armenian
Etymology
The origin is uncertain.[1]
Ačaṙean tentatively compares with արդն (ardn, “a kind of spear”).[2] Ałayan derives from արդն (ardn), in which he sees the basic meaning “pole, beam, trunk”, and explains the part *գեղ- (*geł-) as “spearhead” or similar, leaving its origin open;[3] this is accepted by J̌ahukyan.[4]
Kocharov derives from Proto-Indo-European *welH-wr̥-ti-, from *welH-.[5]
Noun
գեղարդն • (gełardn)
- a kind of large spear, lance, halberd
5th century,
Bible,
Numbers 25.7:
[6]- Եւ տեսեալ Փենեէսի՝ որդւոյ Եղիազարու որդւոյ Ահարոնի քահանայի, յարեաւ ի միջոյ ժողովրդեանն եւ առեալ գեղարդն (var. գեղեարդ, գեղերդն, զգեղարդն, գեղեարդն) ի ձեռն իւր […]
- Ew teseal Pʻeneēsi, ordwoy Ełiazaru ordwoy Aharoni kʻahanayi, yareaw i miǰoy žołovrdeann ew aṙeal gełardn (var. gełeard, gełerdn, zgełardn, gełeardn) i jeṙn iwr […]
- When Phinehas son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron, the priest, saw this, he left the assembly, took a spear in his hand
5th century,
Bible,
1 Samuel 26.11:
- քաւ լիցի ինձ ի Տեառնէ ձգել զձեռն իմ յօծեալ Տեառն. բայց արդ առ զգեղարդնդ ի սնարից դորա եւ զկուժ ջրոյդ, եւ գնասցուք ի մեզ։
- kʻaw licʻi inj i Teaṙnē jgel zjeṙn im yōceal Teaṙn. baycʻ ard aṙ zgełardnd i snaricʻ dora ew zkuž ǰroyd, ew gnascʻukʻ i mez.
- The LORD forbid that I should stretch forth mine hand against the LORD'S anointed: but, I pray thee, take thou now the spear that at his bolster, and the cruse of water, and let us go.
5th century,
Bible,
Nehemiah 4.16:
- Եւ եղեւ յօրէ յայնմանէ, կէսքն կարգեալ լինէին ի գործն, եւ կէսքն զինեալ ընդդէմ թշնամեացն եւ գեղարդն եւ ասպար եւ աղեղն ի ձեռին իւրեանց, եւ կայր պատրաստ այր իւրաքանչիւր յետոյ եղբօր իւրում որ շինէր զպարիսպն։
- Ew ełew yōrē yaynmanē, kēskʻn kargeal linēin i gorcn, ew kēskʻn zineal ənddēm tʻšnameacʻn ew gełardn ew aspar ew ałełn i jeṙin iwreancʻ, ew kayr patrast ayr iwrakʻančʻiwr yetoy ełbōr iwrum or šinēr zparispn.
- And it came to pass from that time forth, the half of my servants wrought in the work, and the other half of them held both the spears, the shields, and the bows, and the habergeons; and the rulers behind all the house of Judah.
5th century, with changes and additions in later centuries,
Alexander Romance :
- զՊաւսիանոս կալաւ և կամեցաւ զերկարդնեայ գեղարդն ձգել ՚ի նա
- […] zPawsianos kalaw ew kamecʻaw zerkardneay gełardn jgel ’i na […]
- (post-Classical) dart, javelin
- գեղարդն արձակել ― gełardn arjakel ― to dart, to throw a dart
Usage notes
In the Bible, translates Ancient Greek δόρυ (dóru), λόγχη (lónkhē) and σειρομάστης (seiromástēs).
Declension
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “գեղարդն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 533b
- ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “արդն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 310a
- ^ Aġayan, Ēduard (1974) Baṙakʻnnakan ew stugabanakan hetazotutʻyunner [Lexicological and Etymological Studies] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 33–34
- ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “գեղարդն”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 155a
- ^ Kocharov, P. (2010) “The Etymology of Armenian gełardn ‘Spear’”, in Indojevropejskoje jazykoznanije i klassičeskaja filologija - XIV. Materialy čtenij, posvjaščennyx pamjati prof. I.M. Tronskovo, volume II, Saint Petersburg: Nauka, pages 83–89
- ^ Zēytʻunean A. S., editor (1998), Girkʻ Tʻuocʻ [Book of Numbers] (Hay hnagoyn tʻargmanakan yušarjanner), Antelias: Holy See of Cilicia, critical text, page 171
Further reading
- Awgerean, Mkrtičʻ, Čēlalean, Grigor (1865) “գեղարդն”, in Aṙjeṙn baṙaran haykaznean lezui [Pocket Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 207a
- Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836) “գեղարդն”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, pages 535–536
- J̌axǰaxean, Manuēl (1837) “գեղարդն”, in Baṙgirkʻ i barbaṙ hay ew italakan [Armenian–Italian Dictionary], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 348a
- Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “գեղարդն”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 114a