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ես. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
ես, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
ես in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
ես you have here. The definition of the word
ես will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
ես, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Armenian
Etymology 1
From Old Armenian ես (es).
Pronunciation
Pronoun
ես • (es)
- (personal) I
- Ես ունեմ մեծ տուն։ ― Es unem mec tun. ― I have a big house.
Declension
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|
singular
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| nominative
|
ես (es)
|
| genitive
|
իմ (im)
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| dative
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ինծի (inci)
|
| accusative
|
զիս (zis)
|
| ablative
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ինձմէ/ինծմէ (injmē/incmē)
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| instrumental
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ինձմով/ինծմով (injmov/incmov)
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See also
Eastern Armenian personal pronouns
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|
singular
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plural
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| 1st person
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ես (es)
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մենք (menkʿ)
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| 2nd person
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familiar
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դու (du)
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դուք (dukʿ)
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| polite
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Դուք (Dukʿ)
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| 3rd person
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նա (na)
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նրանք (nrankʿ)
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|
|
singular
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plural
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| 1st person
|
ես (es)
|
մենք (menkʿ)
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| 2nd person
|
familiar
|
դուն (dun)
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դուք (dukʿ)
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| polite
|
Դուք (Dukʿ)
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| 3rd person
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ան (an)
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անոնք (anonkʿ)
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Noun
ես • (es)
- ego, the self
Declension
Etymology 2
From Old Armenian ես (es).
Pronunciation
Verb
ես • (es)
- second-person singular present of եմ (em)
- Դու հայ ես։ ― Du hay es. ― You are Armenian.
- Դու հայ չես։ ― Du hay čʻes. ― You are not an Armenian.
- Դու գիրքը կարդալու ես։ ― Du girkʻə kardalu es. ― You will read the book.
Old Armenian
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
Pronoun
ես • (es)
- (personal) I
- ես ինքն ― es inkʻn ― myself
- ահաւասիկ ես ― ahawasik es ― here I am, here am I
- ես եմ ― es em ― it is I
Declension
pronominal
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singular
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plural
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| nominative
|
ես (es)
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մեք (mekʻ)
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| genitive
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իմ (im)
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մեր (mer)
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| dative
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ինձ (inj)
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մեզ (mez)
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| accusative
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իս (is)
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մեզ (mez)
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| ablative
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ինէն, ինձէն1 (inēn, injēn1)
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մէնջ, մեզէն1, մեզոյն1 (mēnǰ, mezēn1, mezoyn1)
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| instrumental
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ինեւ (inew)
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մեւք, մեօք = մեաւք (mewkʻ, meōkʻ = meawkʻ)
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| locative
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իս (is)
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մեզ (mez)
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an instrumental ինեաւ (ineaw) is also attested; moreover, an ablative իսանէ (isanē) is attested post-classically
1 these secondary ablative forms may be used in an intensifying role: ես ինձէն աչօք տեսի ― es injēn ačʻōkʻ tesi ― I saw with my own eyes
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Descendants
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁éssi, second-person singular present indicative of *h₁ésti.
Verb
ես • (es)
- second-person singular present active indicative of եմ (em)
References
- Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ես”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ես”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “ես”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
- Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 255
- Thorsø, Rasmus (2023) Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate, PhD dissertation, Leiden University, pages 24-25