եմ

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See also: ԵՄ, -եմ, and Appendix:Variations of "em"

Armenian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Armenian եմ (em).

Pronunciation

Verb

եմ • (em)

  1. I am
    Ես հայ եմ։ ― Es hay em. ― I am an Armenian.
    Ես հայ չեմ։ ― Es hay čʻem. ― I am not an Armenian.
    Ես գիրքը կարդալու եմ։ ― Es girkʻə kardalu em. ― I will read the book.

Conjugation

defective conjugation (Eastern Armenian)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
present եմ (em) ես (es) է (ē) ենք (enkʻ) եք (ekʻ) են (en)
imperfective էի (ēi) էիր (ēir) էր (ēr) էինք (ēinkʻ) էիք (ēikʻ) էին (ēin)
More complex tenses are formed with the verb լինել (linel)
defective negative conjugation (Eastern Armenian)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
present չեմ (čʻem) չես (čʻes) չէ (čʻē), չի (čʻi)* չենք (čʻenkʻ) չեք (čʻekʻ) չեն (čʻen)
imperfective չէի (čʻēi) չէիր (čʻēir) չէր (čʻēr) չէինք (čʻēinkʻ) չէիք (čʻēikʻ) չէին (čʻēin)
*colloquial
More complex tenses are formed with the verb չլինել (čʻlinel)
defective conjugation (Western Armenian)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
present եմ (em) ես (es) է (ē) ենք (enkʻ) էք (ēkʻ) են (en)
imperfective էի (ēi) էիր (ēir) էր (ēr) էինք (ēinkʻ) էիք (ēikʻ) էին (ēin)
More complex tenses are formed with the verb ըլլալ (əllal)

Synonyms

Old Armenian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi. See also ես (es), է (ē), են (en).

Verb

եմ • (em)

  1. to be
    է զի, էր զի, է ուրեք, է երբէք զի... ― ē zi, ēr zi, ē urekʻ, ē erbēkʻ zi... ― sometimes; it happens, it turns out...
    Ես եմ Աստուած՝ որ Էն։ ― Es em Astuac, or Ēn. ― I am that I am.
    Ես եմ՝ ես եմ նոյն որ ջնջեմ։ ― Es em, es em noyn or ǰnǰem. ― I am, it is I, it is I who blot out and pardon.
    Առն միոջ էին երկու որդիք։ ― Aṙn mioǰ ēin erku ordikʻ. ― A certain man had two sons. (literally, “There were two sons of one man.”)
    Էր ամաց երկոտասանից։ ― Ēr amacʻ erkotasanicʻ. ― He was twelve years old.
    Յուտել եմ։ ― Yutel em. ― I am eating.
    է զի, է երբեմն, է ուրէք, էր զի ― ē zi, ē erbemn, ē urēkʻ, ēr zi ― sometimes; now and then
    է որ, են որ ― ē or, en or ― some, some one; one ... and the other; some ... others; some... some; sometimes
    ողջ ե՛ր ― ołǰ ér ― live, fare thee well
    Են նորա երկու որդիք։ ― En nora erku ordikʻ. ― He has two sons. (literally, “There are two sons of him.”)
    իցեն այսոքիկ որպէս եւ են ― icʻen aysokʻik orpēs ew en ― whatever it may be

Conjugation

active
infinitive — participle —
causative — aorist stem -
person singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative ես դու նա մեք դուք նոքա
present {{{2}}}եմ ({{{2}}}em) {{{2}}}ես ({{{2}}}es) {{{2}}}է ({{{2}}}ē) {{{2}}}եմք ({{{2}}}emkʻ) {{{2}}}էք ({{{2}}}ēkʻ) {{{2}}}են ({{{2}}}en)
imperfect {{{2}}}էի, {{{2}}}եի* ({{{2}}}ēi, {{{2}}}ei*) {{{2}}}էիր, {{{2}}}եիր* ({{{2}}}ēir, {{{2}}}eir*) {{{2}}}էր ({{{2}}}ēr) {{{2}}}էաք, {{{2}}}եաք* ({{{2}}}ēakʻ, {{{2}}}eakʻ*) {{{2}}}էիք, {{{2}}}եիք* ({{{2}}}ēikʻ, {{{2}}}eikʻ*) {{{2}}}էին, {{{2}}}եին* ({{{2}}}ēin, {{{2}}}ein*)
aorist — — — — — —
subjunctive ես դու նա մեք դուք նոքա
present {{{2}}}իցեմ ({{{2}}}icʻem) {{{2}}}իցես ({{{2}}}icʻes) {{{2}}}իցէ ({{{2}}}icʻē) {{{2}}}իցեմք ({{{2}}}icʻemkʻ) {{{2}}}իցէք ({{{2}}}icʻēkʻ) {{{2}}}իցեն ({{{2}}}icʻen)
aorist — — — — — —
imperatives — (դու) — — (դուք) —
imperative — ե՛ր (ér) — — է՛ք, երո՛ւք (ḗkʻ, erúkʻ) —
cohortative — — — — — —
prohibitive — — — — — —
*rare
the verb is defective
subjunctive aorist իցէի (icʻēi) and an infinitive ել (el) are attested from the Hellenizing and Latinizing schools

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Armenian: եմ (em)

References

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “եմ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “եմ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “եմ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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