փոխ

Inherited from Old Armenian փոխ (pʻox).

• (Eastern Armenian) IPA^(key): /pʰoχ/,
• (Western Armenian) IPA^(key): /poχ/,

փոխ • (pʻox)

1. loan, borrowing

   փոխ առնել ― pʻox aṙnel ― to loan

Ultimately from Akkadian 𒁍𒌑𒄷 (pu-u-ḫu /⁠pūḫu⁠/, “exchange, substitute, replacement; loan”), perhaps via Urartian 𒁍𒄭 (pu-ḫi /⁠pūḫi⁠/, “change, alter”) or Hurrian 𒁍𒄭 (pu-ḫu /⁠pôḫi, pūḫi⁠/, “barter, exchange”)^[1][2][3] since the phoneme /o/ is absent from Akkadian.^[4] The verbal attestation Urartian 𒁍𒄭𒀀𒉌 (pu-ḫi-a-ni /⁠pūḫiani⁠/, “let him not alter”) is sometimes adduced as an argument for a specifically Urartian source,^[5] though it does not exclude a direct borrowing from an unattested Hurrian verbal form.^[4] The Hurrian root was also borrowed with suffix as Hittite 𒁍𒄷𒂵𒊑 (pu-ḫu-ga-ri /⁠puḫugari⁠/, “substitute, replacement”).^[6]

փոխ • (pʻox)

1. loan, borrowing

   խնդրել փոխ ― xndrel pʻox ― to ask in loan

   փոխ տալ ― pʻox tal ― to lend, to make a loan

   փոխ առնուլ ― pʻox aṙnul ― to receive as a loan, to borrow

   ընդ փոխս մտանել ― ənd pʻoxs mtanel ― to be overburdened by loans, to be obliged to beg

   փոխով կեալ ― pʻoxov keal ― to live upon trust, or upon credit

2. (music) anthem, response, antistrophe, antiphon

   փոխ առ փոխ, փոխն ի փոխ ― pʻox aṙ pʻox, pʻoxn i pʻox ― by turns, reciprocally, alternatively, mutually

3. (as a prefix) meta-

• In compounds the word has also the meaning of “exchange” in general, not just “money exchange”.
• Post-classically used as a prefix corresponding to Ancient Greek μετά (metá), e.g. փոխաբերութիւն (pʻoxaberutʻiwn) = μεταφορά (metaphorá), փոխանցեմ (pʻoxancʻem) = μεταβαίνω (metabaínō).

• Armenian: փոխ (pʻox), փոխ- (pʻox-)

• Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “փոխ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “փոխ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “փոխ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
• Diakonoff, Igor M. (1985) “Hurro-Urartian Borrowings in Old Armenian”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society‎, volume 105, number 4, pages 597–603
• Fournet, Arnaud (2013) “About the Vocalic System of Armenian Words of Substratic Origin”, in Archív Orientalni‎, volume 81, number 2, pages 207–222