استقدم

• IPA^(key): /is.taq.da.ma/

اِسْتَقْدَمَ • (istaqdama) X (non-past يَسْتَقْدِمُ (yastaqdimu), verbal noun اِسْتِقْدَام (istiqdām))

1. to summon, to ask to come
2. to go before, to precede
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 7:34:

     وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلٌ ۖ فَإِذَا جَاءَ أَجَلُهُمْ لَا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ سَاعَةً ۖ وَلَا يَسْتَقْدِمُونَ

     walikulli ʔummatin ʔajalun faʔiḏā jāʔa ʔajaluhum lā yastaʔḵirūna sāʕatan walā yastaqdimūna

     And for every nation is a term. So when their time has come, they will not remain behind an hour, nor will they precede .

3. to want to take the lead
4. to send in advance
5. to consider (something) old
6. to be bold, to be daring
7. to feel hostile

• Freytag, Georg (1830–1837) “استقدم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), Halle: C. A. Schwetschke
• Baalbaki, Rohi (1995) “استقدم”, in Al-Mawrid: A Modern Arabic-English Dictionary, 7th edition, Beirut: Dar El-Ilm Lilmalayin, →ISBN
• Баранов, Х. К. (2011) “استقدم”, in Большой арабско-русский словарь (Bolʹšoj arabsko-russkij slovarʹ), 11th edition, Москва: Живой язык, →ISBN
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “استقدم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate
• Wehr, Hans (1960) “استقدم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 3rd edition, Ithaca, NY: Otto Harrassowitz