سرای
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Saray district, Tekirdağ 
Saray district, Van
Ottoman Turkish
Alternative forms
Etymology
Borrowed from Persian سرای (sarây, “mansion, palace”), from Middle Persian slʾd (srāy, “hall, house”).
Noun
سرای • (seray, saray)
- palace, seraglio, court, the official residence of a head of state or other dignitary
- Synonym: دربار (derbar)
- (in general) palace, mansion, any large, expensive and lavishly ornate residence
- Synonym: قصر (kasr)
Derived terms
- آق سرای (ak saray, “a city and province of Turkey”)
- اسكی سرای (eski saray, “the old palace of Istanbul”)
- سرای آغاسی (saray ağası, “any attendant in the palace”)
- سرای آلتی (saray altı, “space below a palace”)
- سرای بورونی (saray burunu, “Sarayburnu”)
- سرای بوسنه (saray bosna, “Sarajevo”)
- سرایلو (saraylı, “possessed of palaces”)
- كروانسرای (kervanseray, “caravanserai”)
Descendants
- Turkish: saray
- → Albanian: saraj
- → Armenian: սարայ (saray), սառայ (saṙay), սառա (saṙa)
- → Bulgarian: сара́й (saráj)
- → English: serai, sarai, Sarai
- → Greek: σεράι (serái)
- → Hungarian: szeráj
- → Romanian: serai
- → Serbo-Croatian: sàraj / са̀рај
Proper noun
سرای • (saray)
- Saray (a town and district in Tekirdağ province, Turkey)
- Saray (a town and district in Van province, Turkey)
Descendants
- Turkish: Saray
Further reading
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “saray1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4071
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “سرای”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français, Vienna: F. Beck, page 266b
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “سرای”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 671
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Palatium”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 1234
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “سرای”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 2580
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “saray”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سرای”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1048
- Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Saray”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names], 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 659
Persian
Alternative forms
- سرا (sarâ)
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key):
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key):
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key):
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | sarāy |
| Dari reading? | sarāy |
| Iranian reading? | sarây |
| Tajik reading? | saroy |
Etymology 1
From Middle Persian slʾd (srāy, “hall, house”), from Old Persian *srāda, from Proto-Iranian *thrāya (“to protect”), from Proto-Indo-European *trā-yo-, suffixed form of *terh₂- (“to cross over”).[1]
Compare Old Armenian սրահ (srah, “hall; curtain”), սրահակ (srahak, “curtain”), Judeo-Persian סראה (srāh, “vestibule”), Arabic سُرَادِق (surādiq, “awning, tent; pavilion, canopy”), and Classical Mandaic ࡎࡓࡃࡒࡀ (sradqā, “pavilion, canopy; curtain”), all borrowed from Iranian.
Noun
سرای • (sarây) (plural سرایها (sarây-hâ))
Derived terms
- کاروانسرای (kârvânsarây), کاروانسرا (kârvânsarâ)
- صومعهسرا (sowme'e-sarâ)
- سراپرده (sarâparde)
- سرایدار (sarâydâr)
Descendants
- → Bashkir: һарай (haray)
- → Arabic: سَرَاي (sarāy), سَرَايَة (sarāya), سَرَايَا (sarāyā)
- → Middle Armenian: սարայ (saray)
- Armenian: սարայ (saray)
- → Azerbaijani: saray
- → Ottoman Turkish: سرای (serây, saray) (see there for further descendants)
- → Karakalpak: saray
- → Tatar: сарай (saray)
- → Kazakh: сарай (sarai)
- via Turkic:
- → Uyghur: ساراي (saray)
- → Uzbek: saroy
- → Urdu: سرائے (sarā'e)
Etymology 2
See سرودن.
Verb
سرای • (sorây)
References
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “سرای”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
- Blair, Sheila S.. "Sarāy." Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs. Brill Online, 2013. Reference. 28 November 2013 <http://brillonline.nl/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/saray-SIM_6629>
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “srāy”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
- Schmitt, Rüdiger (1987) “Armenia and Iran IV. Iranian influences in Armenian 1. General”, in Ehsan Yarshater, editor, Encyclopædia Iranica, volume 2, London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul, page 449b of 445–459
- Bailey, H. W. (1987) “Armenia and Iran IV. Iranian influences in Armenian 2. Iranian loanwords in Armenian”, in Ehsan Yarshater, editor, Encyclopædia Iranica, volume 2, London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul, page 465a of 459–465
- “srdqˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2013-11-28
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “սրահ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, pages 281–282
- ^ “caravanserai”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.