شريك

Arabic

Etymology

فَعِيل (faʕīl)-type stative-verb derived from the active participle from the verb شَرِكَ (šarika, “to share”), from the root ش ر ك (š-r-k); literally, "sharer".

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃa.riːk/

Noun

شَرِيك • (šarīk) m (plural شُرَكَاء (šurakāʔ), feminine شَرِيكَة (šarīka))

1. (countable) a sharer
   1. a sharer in wealth, profit, or ownership; a business partner
   2. a sharer in inheritance; a coheir
      • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 4:12:

        فَإِن كَانُوا أَكْثَرَ مِن ذَٰلِكَ فَهُمْ شُرَكَاءُ فِي ٱلثُّلُثِ

        faʔin kānū ʔakṯara min ḏālika fahum šurakāʔu fī ṯ-ṯuluṯi

        If they are more than that, they are the co-heirs of the third .

   3. a sharer in rank, authority, or lordship; a coordinate; an equal; a co-ruler
   4. an associate, a partner, a fellow; a companion
2. a fellow deity, someone presumed a god other than the monotheistic God
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 10:35:

     قُلْ هَلْ مِن شُرَكَائِكُم مَّن يَهْدِي إِلَى الْحَقِّ

     qul hal min šurakāʔikum mman yahdī ʔilā l-ḥaqqi

     Say: Is there of your partner-deities one that leads to the right?

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 35:40:

     قُلْ أَرَأَيْتُمْ شُرَكَاءَكُمُ الَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ أَرُونِي مَاذَا خَلَقُوا مِنَ الْأَرْضِ أَمْ لَهُمْ شِرْكٌ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ أَمْ آتَيْنَاهُمْ كِتَابًا فَهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَيِّنَتٍ مِّنْهُ

     qul ʔaraʔaytum šurakāʔakumu allaḏīna tadʕūna min dūni l-lahi ʔarūnī māḏā ḵalaqū mina l-ʔarḍi ʔam lahum širkun fī s-samāwāti ʔam ʔātaynāhum kitāban fahum ʕalā bayyinatin mminhu

     Say: Have ye seen your partner-gods to whom ye pray beside Allah? Show me what they created of the earth! Or have they any share in the heavens? Or have We given them a scripture so they act on unequivocal proof therefrom?

Declension

Descendants

• Maltese: xrik
• → Azerbaijani: şərik
• → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܫܲܪܝܼܟܵܐ (šarīkā)
• → Kazakh: серік (serık)
• → Kyrgyz: шерик (şerik)
• → Middle Armenian: շէրիք (šērikʻ), շիրակ (širak)
• → Ottoman Turkish: شریك (şerik)
  • Turkish: şerik
• → Pashto: شریک
• → Persian: شریک
• → Tajik: шарик (šarik)
• → Uzbek: sherik

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “شريك”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen