شمشیر
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شمشیر
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Noun
شمشیر • (şemşir, şimşir)
Descendants
- → Middle Armenian: շիմշիր (šimšir)
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Noun
شمشیر • (şimşir)
Further reading
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “شمشیر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 734
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Gladius”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 652
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “شمشیر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, columns 2860–2861
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “شمشیر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1136
Persian
Etymology
From Middle Persian (šmšyl /šamšēr/), (špšyl), 𐫢𐫜𐫢𐫏𐫡 (šfšyr /šafšēr/, “sword”). Cognate with Parthian 𐫘𐫜𐫘𐫏𐫡 (sfsyr /safsēr/, “sword”). Compare Iranian borrowings Old Armenian սուսեր (suser, “sword”), Classical Syriac ܣܦܣܝܪܐ (sap̄sērāʾ, “sword”), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic ספסרא, ספסירא (sap̄sērāʾ, “sword”), Ancient Greek σαμψήρα (sampsḗra, “foreign sword”), and possibly Italian scimitarra (“scimitar”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key):
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key):
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key):
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | šamšēr |
| Dari reading? | šamšēr |
| Iranian reading? | šamšir |
| Tajik reading? | šamšer |
Noun
| Dari | شمشیر |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | шамшер |
شمشیر • (šamšir) (plural شمشیرها (šamšir-hâ))
Derived terms
- شمشیرزن (šamširzan)
Related terms
Descendants
- → Bengali: শমশের (śomośer)
- → Ottoman Turkish: شمشیر (şemşir, şimşir)
- → Middle Armenian: շիմշիր (šimšir)
- → Punjabi:
- → Urdu: شمشیر (śamśīr)
References
- “spsyr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “šafšēr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
- M. J. Kümmel, "Sprachkontakt und Sprachwandel", 2010, page 33
Urdu
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Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian شمشیر (šamšēr, “scimitar”).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃəm.ʃiːɾ/, /ʃəm.ʃeːɾ/
- Rhymes: -iːɾ, -eːɾ
Noun
شمشیر • (śamśīr or śamśer) f (Hindi spelling शमशेर or शमशीर)
Derived terms
- شَمْشِیْرْ زَن (śamśīr-zan, “swordsman”)
- شَمْشِیر زَنی (śamśīr-zanī, “swordsmanship”)
- شَمْشِیرِ بَرْہَنَہ (śamśīr-e-barahna, “unsheathed sword; a warrior”, literally “naked scimitar”)
- شَمْشِیر کَشِیدَہ (śamśīr-e-kaśīda, “drawn scimitar”)
- شَمْشِیرِ ہِلالی (śamśīr-e-hilālī, “scimitar-shaped crescent moon”)
References
- “شمشیر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “شمشیر”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
- Platts, John T. (1884) “شمشیر”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- “شمشیر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary , Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.