ܐܝܢܐ

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Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Developed from ܐܸܠܵܐ (illā) or borrowed from Northern Kurdish inâ.

Pronunciation

Conjunction

ܐܝܼܢܵܐ (īnā)

  1. but
  2. however
See also

Etymology 2

Inherited from Aramaic אַיְנָא (ʾaynā), from אַי (ʾay) +‎ הָנָא (hānā, this), hence from Proto-Semitic *ʔayy-; compare Hebrew אֵיזֶה (éize), Arabic أَيّ (ʔayy) and Akkadian 𒀀𒀀𒌑𒌝 (ayyum).

Pronunciation

Determiner

ܐܲܝܢܵܐ (aynā) (feminine ܐܲܝܕܵܐ (aydā), plural ܐܲܝܠܹܝܢ (aylēn))

  1. (interrogative) which
    ܐܲܝܢܵܐ ܚܲܒܘܼܫܵܐ ܐ݇ܟ݂ܝܼܠ ܠܘܼܟ݂؟aynā ḥabūšā ḵīl lūḵ?Which apple did you eat?
    ܡ̣ܢ ܐܲܝܢܵܐ ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ ܝܘܸܬ؟min aynā aṯrā ìwet?From which country are you?
  2. (with ܕ- (d-, that)) whichever (The/Any ... that)
    ܫܩܘܿܠ ܐܲܝܢܵܐ ܚܲܒܘܼܫܵܐ ܕܟܹܐ ܒܵܥܹܝܬšqōl aynā ḥabūšā d-kē bāˁētTake whichever apple you want.

Pronoun

ܐܲܝܢܵܐ (aynā) (feminine ܐܲܝܕܵܐ (aydā), plural ܐܲܝܠܹܝܢ (aylēn))

  1. (interrogative) which one (What one (of those mentioned or implied))
    ܐܲܝܢܵܐ ܐ݇ܟ݂ܝܼܠ ܠܘܼܟ݂؟aynā ḵīl lūḵ?Which one did you eat?
    ܐܲܝܢܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܝܵܠܕ݇ܘܼܟ݂؟aynā ìlēh yālūḵ?Which one is your child?
  2. (directly followed by ܕ- (d-)) Whichever one that…, He who…
    ܫܩܘܿܠ ܐܲܝܢܵܐ ܕܟܹܐ ܒܵܥܹܝܬšqōl aynā d-kē bāˁētTake whichever one that you want.
    ܐܲܝܢܵܐ ܕܡܲܨܝܸܬ݂ ܠܢܘܼܟ݂ܪ̈ܵܝܹܐ ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܚܵܙܹܐ ܦܨܝܼܚܘܼܬ݂ܵܐaynā d-maṣyiṯ l-nuḵrāyē lā kē ḥāzē pṣīḥūṯāHe who/Whichever one that heeds to strangers will not see happiness.
Usage notes

Many dialects only use the masculine form regardless of gender or plural.

Derived terms