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Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Etymology
From Aramaic מְצָא (məṣā), from Akkadian 𒈠𒍮𒌑 (maṣûm, “to be equal; amount; be sufficient for”), from Proto-Semitic *mṯ̣ʔ- (“to reach”); compare Hebrew מָצָא (matsá, “to find”), and doublet of ܡܵܛܹܐ (māṭē, “to arrive; reach”).
Pronunciation
Verb
ܡܵܨܹܐ • (māṣē)
- can, to be able to
- ܠܹܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܒܸܡܨܵܝܵܐ ܢܵܦܹܫ! ― lē ìlēh bimṣāyā nāpēš! ― He can not breathe!
- ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܢ ܐܵܬܹܝܢ ܒܪܲܡܫܵܐ. ― kē māṣēn ātēn b-ramšā. ― I can come in the evening.
ܡܲܠܦܵܢܵܐ ܐ݇ܡܝܼܪܹܗ ܐܸܠܘܼܟ݂، «ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܬ ܝܵܠܦܹܬ ܪܵܒܵܐ ܡܸܢܕܝܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܐܵܗܵܐ ܟܬܵܒ݂ܵܐ».- malpānā mīrēh ilōḵ, “kē māṣēt yālpēt rābā mindyānē min āhā ktāḇā”.
- The teacher said to you, “you can learn many things from this book.”
- Romans 8:31:
ܡܘܼܕܝܼ ܐܵܡܪܲܚ ܒܘܼܬ ܐܲܢܹܐ؟ ܐܸܢ ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ ܠܓܹܒܲܢ ܝܼܠܹܗ، ܡܵܢܝܼ ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܐ ܗܵܘܹܐ ܕܲܠܩܘܼܒ݂ܠܲܢ؟- mūdī āmraḥ būt annē? in allāhā l-gēban īlēh, mānī kē māṣē hāwē dalquḇlan?
- What then shall we say to these things? If God is for us, who can be against us?
- may
ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܬ ܗܲܡܙܸܡܸܬ ܣܘܼܪܵܐܝܼܬ؟- kē māṣēt hamzimmit sūrāˀīt?
- May you speak Assyrian?
ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܢ ܗܵܘܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܟܵܣܵܐ ܕܡ̈ܝܼܵܐ؟- kē māṣēn hāwē lī kāsā dmīyā?
- May I have a glass of water?
ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܐ ܥܵܪܹܐ ܡܸܛܪܵܐ ܩܘܼܕܡܹܐ.- kē māṣē ˁārē miṭrā qudmē.
- It may rain tomorrow.
Usage notes
- ܡܵܨܹܐ (māṣē) is sometimes used rhetorically to issue a command, placing the command in the form of a request. For instance, “ܡܵܨܹܝܬ ܝܵܗ݇ܒ݂ܹܬ ܠܝܼ ܗ̇ܘ ܩܲܢܝܵܐ. ― māṣēt yāḇēt lī awa qanyā.” “Can you give me that pen?” as a polite substitution for “ܗܲܒ݂݇ܠ ܠܝܼ ܗ̇ܘ ܩܲܢܝܵܐ. ― hal lī awa qanyā.”
- ܡܵܨܹܐ (māṣē) is not used with verbs relating to the five senses:
- ܒܸܚܙܵܝܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܐܸܠܘܼܟ݂. ― biḥzāyā ìwen ilōḵ. ― I (can) see you (literally, “I am seeing you”) (not “ܟܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܢ ܚܵܙܹܝܢܘܼܟ݂ ― kē māṣēn ḥāzēnōḵ”, which is “I can see (i.e. meet) you”)
- Regarding the use of ܡܵܨܹܐ (māṣē) and ܝܵܕܹܥ (yādēˁ), three sub-senses must be distinguished:
- ܝܵܕܹܥ (yādēˁ) is used for “know how to do something, have learnt something”.
ܟܹܐ ܝܵܕܥܹܢ ܣܚܵܝܵܐ.- kē yādˁēn sḥāyā.
- I can swim. / I know how to swim. / I’ve learnt to swim.
- ܡܵܨܹܐ (māṣē) is generally used for “be currently capable of doing something”
ܠܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܢ ܕܵܡܟ݂ܹܢ.- lē māṣēn dāmḵēn.
- I can’t sleep. / I’m not currently able to fall asleep.
- ܡܵܨܹܐ (māṣē) is always used for “be free, allowed, unhindered to do something”.
ܠܹܐ ܡܵܨܹܝܢ ܦܵܠܛܹܢ.- lē māṣēn pālṭēn.
- I can’t go out. / I’m not allowed to go out. / Something prevents me from going out.
Conjugation
See also
References
- “mṣy”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2022-07-28
- “ܡܵܨܹܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2022 July 28 (last accessed)
- “maṣû”, in Akkadian Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2022 July 28 (last accessed)
Classical Syriac
Etymology 1
From older Aramaic מצא.
Pronunciation
Verb
ܡܨܐ • (mṣɑ) (imperfect ܢܡܨܐ (nemṣē))
- to be able
Etymology 2
The passive participle of the above.
Pronunciation
Adjective
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Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.ܡܨܐ • (mṣē) m (plural ܡܨܝܢ, singular feminine counterpart ܡܨܝܐ)
- able
- ܐܝܟ ܡܐ ܕܡܨܝܢܢ — akh mā damṣēnan — As much as we're able.
- ܡܨܐ ܟܠ — mṣē kul — omnipotent.
References
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 293