ܫܘܕ

Possibly from ܫܒ݂ܘܿܩ (šḇōq, “allow, let (command)”) +‎ ܕ- (d-, “that, to”), literally “allow to”. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

• (Standard) IPA^(key):

ܫܘܼܕ • (šūd)

1. (auxillary) should, ought to, Used to give advice or opinion that an action is, or would have been, beneficial or desirable.

   ܫܘܼܕ ܐܵܟ݂ܠܲܚ ܗܵܫܵܐ ― šūd āḵlaḥ hāšā ― we should eat now.

   1. With verbs such as 'see' or 'hear', used to point out something remarkable in either a good or bad way.

      ܫܘܼܕ ܚܵܙܝܲܬܝ ܡܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܥܒ݂ܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ ― šūd ḥāzyat mā ìlēh ˁḇīḏā ― you should see what he’s done.

   2. Used in a hostile manner to express a threat or challenge.

      ܫܘܼܕ ܥܵܒ݂ܕ݂ܹܬ ܠܵܗ̇ ― šūd ˁāḇḏēt lāh ― You wouldn’t dare do it. (literally, “May you do it.”)

   3. Used in suggesting

      ܝܼܠܹܗ، ܫܘܼܕ ܐܵܡܪܲܢ، ܠܵܐ ܥܬܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ. ― īlēh, šūd āmran, lā ˁtīḏā. ― He is, I should say, unprepared.

2. (auxillary) (with ܠܵܐ (lā)) used to express a negative desire

   ܫܘܼܕ ܠܵܐ ܐܵܬ݂ܝܲܬܝ ― šūd lā āṯyat ― May you not come; I hope you don’t come.

3. although, even though

   ܫܘܼܕ ܡܕܘܼܓܸܠ ܠܹܗ، ܒܸܕ ܗܵܘܹܝܢ ܢܲܓܝܼܪܵܐ ܒܪܘܼܚܝܼ ܥܲܡܹܗ ― šūd mdūgil lēh, bid hāwēn nagīrā brūḥī ˁammēh ― Even though he lied, I’ll have patience with him.

4. Used to express something is permissible

   ܠܵܐ ܙܵܕܥܹܬ، ܫܘܼܕ ܫܵܩܹܠ ܠܵܗ̇ ― lā zādˁēt, šūd šāqēl lāh ― Don’t worry, it’s okay for him to take it.

• ܝܵܐܹܐ (yāˀē)