क्रुद्ध

Borrowed from Sanskrit क्रुद्ध (kruddha).

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /kɾʊd̪d̪ʱ/,

क्रुद्ध • (kruddh) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling کردھ)

1. angry, furious

   Synonym: ग़ुस्सा (ġussā)

   वह क्रुद्ध होके चिल्लाने लगा।

   vah kruddh hoke cillāne lagā.

   He became angry and started to shout.

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “क्रुद्ध”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *krudᶻdʰás, from the root *krawdʰ- (“to be angry”). See क्रुध्यति (krudhyati) for cognates.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɾud.dʱɐ́/,
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈkɾud̪.d̪ʱɐ/,

क्रुद्ध • (kruddhá) stem

1. irritated, provoked, angry (with locative, dative or genitive or with उपरि (upari) or प्रति (prati))
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.15.3:

     अ॒ङ्हो॒युव॑स्त॒न्व॑स्तन्वते॒ वि वयो॑ म॒हद्दु॒ष्टरं॑ पू॒र्व्याय॑।
     स सं॒वतो॒ नव॑जातस्तुतुर्यात्सि॒ङ्हं न क्रु॒द्धम्अ॒भित॒: परि॑ ष्ठुः॥

     aṅhoyúvastanvàstanvate ví váyo mahádduṣṭáraṃ pūrvyā́ya.
     sá saṃváto návajātastuturyātsiṅháṃ ná kruddhámabhíta: pári ṣṭhuḥ.

     Averting woe, they labour hard to bring him, the ancient, plenteous food as power resistless.
     May he (Agni), born newly, conquer his assailants: round him they stand as round an angry lion.

   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

• क्रोध (krodha)
• क्रुध्यति (krudhyati)

• Pali: kuddha
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (kuddha)
  • ⇒ Hindi: कुढ़ना (kuṛhnā)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (kuddha)
  • Marathi: कूढा (kūḍhā)

• Monier Williams (1899) “क्रुद्ध”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0322.