दुस्-

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See also: दस, दास, दासी, दिस, दीस, देस, देसी, दोस्, and दोस

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

  • दुः- (duḥ-) — before श्, ष्, स् (ś, ṣ, s) and rarely before क्, ख्, प्, फ् (k, kh, p, ph)
    • दुᳶ- (duf-) — (upadhmānīya) optionally before प्, फ् (p, ph)
    • दुᳵ- (dux-) — (jihvāmūlīya) optionally before क्, ख् (k, kh)
  • दुर्- (dur-) — before vowels and voiced consonants
  • दुश्- (duś-) — before च्, छ् (c, ch) and rarely before श् (ś)
  • दुष्- (duṣ-) — before क्, ख्, प्, फ् (k, kh, p, ph) and rarely before ष् (ṣ); in older language also before त्, थ् (t, th) which become ट्, ठ् (ṭ, ṭh)
  • दू- (dū-) — before र् (r) and sometimes before द्, ध्, न् (d, dh, n), which become ड्, ढ्, ण् (ḍ, ḍh, ṇ)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Etymology

    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *dews-?
    Proto-Indo-European *dus-
    Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-
    Sanskrit दुस्- (dus-)

    From Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-, from Proto-Indo-European *dus-. Cognate with Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “hard, difficult”), Old Armenian տ- (t-, a negative prefix), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬱- (duš-), Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌶- (tuz-); Old Irish do-.

    Pronunciation

    Prefix

    दुस्- • (dus-)

    1. ill-, mal-
    2. badly, hardly; slight, inferior, etc., often = English in- or un-.
      ‎दुस्- (dus-) + ‎कर्म (karma, “act, action”) → ‎दुष्कर्म (duṣkarma, “evil act”)

    Antonyms

    Derived terms

    Sanskrit terms prefixed with दुस्-

    References

    • Monier Williams (1899) “दुस्-”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 488/1.
    • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 735-6
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