वृक्क

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Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

    Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥tkás (kidney). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬐𐬀 (vərəδka), Middle Persian gwltk’ (gurdag), whence modern Persian گرده (gorde, kidney).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    वृक्क (vṛkká) stemm

    1. kidney
      • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 9.7.13:
        क्रोधो वृक्कौ मन्युराण्डौ प्रजा शेपः ॥
        krodho vṛkkau manyurāṇḍau prajā śepaḥ.
        Wrath the kidneys, anger the testes, offspring the generative organ .

    Declension

    Masculine a-stem declension of वृक्क
    singular dual plural
    nominative वृक्कः (vṛkkaḥ) वृक्कौ (vṛkkau)
    वृक्का¹ (vṛkkā¹)
    वृक्काः (vṛkkāḥ)
    वृक्कासः¹ (vṛkkāsaḥ¹)
    vocative वृक्क (vṛkka) वृक्कौ (vṛkkau)
    वृक्का¹ (vṛkkā¹)
    वृक्काः (vṛkkāḥ)
    वृक्कासः¹ (vṛkkāsaḥ¹)
    accusative वृक्कम् (vṛkkam) वृक्कौ (vṛkkau)
    वृक्का¹ (vṛkkā¹)
    वृक्कान् (vṛkkān)
    instrumental वृक्केण (vṛkkeṇa) वृक्काभ्याम् (vṛkkābhyām) वृक्कैः (vṛkkaiḥ)
    वृक्केभिः¹ (vṛkkebhiḥ¹)
    dative वृक्काय (vṛkkāya) वृक्काभ्याम् (vṛkkābhyām) वृक्केभ्यः (vṛkkebhyaḥ)
    ablative वृक्कात् (vṛkkāt) वृक्काभ्याम् (vṛkkābhyām) वृक्केभ्यः (vṛkkebhyaḥ)
    genitive वृक्कस्य (vṛkkasya) वृक्कयोः (vṛkkayoḥ) वृक्काणाम् (vṛkkāṇām)
    locative वृक्के (vṛkke) वृक्कयोः (vṛkkayoḥ) वृक्केषु (vṛkkeṣu)
    • ¹Vedic

    Descendants

    • Dardic:
    • Pali: vakka