वृक्क

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Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

    Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥tkás (kidney). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬐𐬀 (vərəδka), Middle Persian gwltk’ (gurdag), whence modern Persian گرده (gorde, kidney).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    वृक्क (vṛkká) stemm

    1. kidney
      • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 9.7.13:
        क्रोधो वृक्कौ मन्युराण्डौ प्रजा शेपः ॥
        krodho vṛkkau manyurāṇḍau prajā śepaḥ.
        Wrath the kidneys, anger the testes, offspring the generative organ .

    Declension

    Masculine a-stem declension of वृक्क (vṛkká)
    Singular Dual Plural
    Nominative वृक्कः
    vṛkkáḥ
    वृक्कौ / वृक्का¹
    vṛkkaú / vṛkkā́¹
    वृक्काः / वृक्कासः¹
    vṛkkā́ḥ / vṛkkā́saḥ¹
    Vocative वृक्क
    vṛ́kka
    वृक्कौ / वृक्का¹
    vṛ́kkau / vṛ́kkā¹
    वृक्काः / वृक्कासः¹
    vṛ́kkāḥ / vṛ́kkāsaḥ¹
    Accusative वृक्कम्
    vṛkkám
    वृक्कौ / वृक्का¹
    vṛkkaú / vṛkkā́¹
    वृक्कान्
    vṛkkā́n
    Instrumental वृक्केण
    vṛkkéṇa
    वृक्काभ्याम्
    vṛkkā́bhyām
    वृक्कैः / वृक्केभिः¹
    vṛkkaíḥ / vṛkkébhiḥ¹
    Dative वृक्काय
    vṛkkā́ya
    वृक्काभ्याम्
    vṛkkā́bhyām
    वृक्केभ्यः
    vṛkkébhyaḥ
    Ablative वृक्कात्
    vṛkkā́t
    वृक्काभ्याम्
    vṛkkā́bhyām
    वृक्केभ्यः
    vṛkkébhyaḥ
    Genitive वृक्कस्य
    vṛkkásya
    वृक्कयोः
    vṛkkáyoḥ
    वृक्काणाम्
    vṛkkā́ṇām
    Locative वृक्के
    vṛkké
    वृक्कयोः
    vṛkkáyoḥ
    वृक्केषु
    vṛkkéṣu
    Notes
    • ¹Vedic

    Descendants

    • Dardic:
    • Pali: vakka