शत्रु

Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word शत्रु. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word शत्रु, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say शत्रु in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word शत्रु you have here. The definition of the word शत्रु will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition ofशत्रु, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
See also: शत्रू

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit शत्रु (śatru).

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ʃət̪.ɾuː/,

Noun

शत्रु (śatrum (Urdu spelling شترو)

  1. enemy, adversary, foe
    Synonym: दुश्मन (duśman)
    Antonyms: मित्र (mitra), दोस्त (dost)
    शत्रु को पीछे हटना पड़ा।
    śatru ko pīche haṭnā paṛā.
    The enemy was forced to retreat.

Declension

Further reading

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *keh₃- and cognate with Ancient Greek κότος (kótos, anger), German Hader (strife), Irish cath (battle) (with unexpected a), Old Church Slavonic котора (kotora, quarrel) (with *ḱ > *k?).[1][2]

Pronunciation

Noun

शत्रु (śátru) stemm

  1. (literally) "overthrower"; enemy, foe
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.54.2:
      यदच॑रस्त॒न्वा॑ वावृधा॒नो बला॑नीन्द्र प्रब्रुवा॒णो जने॑षु।
      मा॒येत्सा ते॒ यानि॑ यु॒द्धान्या॒हुर्नाद्य शत्रुं॑ न॒नु पु॒रा वि॑वित्से॥
      yádácarastanvā̀ vāvṛdhānó bálānīndra prabruvāṇó jáneṣu.
      māyétsā́ te yā́ni yuddhā́nyāhúrnā́dyá śátruṃ nanú purā́ vivitse.
      When you were roaming, increasing in body, telling your might, Indra, among the people, all the men called your battles as illusions: no foe have you to date, nor had you one before.
  2. rival
  3. a hostile king (especially a neighbouring king as a natural enemy)
  4. the 6th astrological mansion, Var Yogay
  5. Asparagus racemosus
  6. name of an Asura

Declension

Masculine u-stem declension of शत्रु
singular dual plural
nominative शत्रुः (śátruḥ) शत्रू (śátrū) शत्रवः (śátravaḥ)
vocative शत्रो (śátro) शत्रू (śátrū) शत्रवः (śátravaḥ)
accusative शत्रुम् (śátrum) शत्रू (śátrū) शत्रून् (śátrūn)
instrumental शत्रुणा (śátruṇā)
शत्र्वा¹ (śátrvā¹)
शत्रुभ्याम् (śátrubhyām) शत्रुभिः (śátrubhiḥ)
dative शत्रवे (śátrave) शत्रुभ्याम् (śátrubhyām) शत्रुभ्यः (śátrubhyaḥ)
ablative शत्रोः (śátroḥ) शत्रुभ्याम् (śátrubhyām) शत्रुभ्यः (śátrubhyaḥ)
genitive शत्रोः (śátroḥ) शत्र्वोः (śátrvoḥ) शत्रूणाम् (śátrūṇām)
locative शत्रौ (śátrau) शत्र्वोः (śátrvoḥ) शत्रुषु (śátruṣu)
  • ¹Vedic

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 607
  2. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎ (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 294

Further reading