सहते

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Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

সহতে (Assamese script)
ᬲᬳᬢᬾ (Balinese script)
সহতে (Bengali script)
𑰭𑰮𑰝𑰸 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀲𑀳𑀢𑁂 (Brahmi script)
သဟတေ (Burmese script)
સહતે (Gujarati script)
ਸਹਤੇ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌸𑌹𑌤𑍇 (Grantha script)
ꦱꦲꦠꦺ (Javanese script)
𑂮𑂯𑂞𑂵 (Kaithi script)
ಸಹತೇ (Kannada script)
សហតេ (Khmer script)
ສຫເຕ (Lao script)
സഹതേ (Malayalam script)
ᠰᠠᡥᠠᢠᡝ (Manchu script)
𑘭𑘮𑘝𑘹 (Modi script)
ᠰᠠᠾᠠᢐᠧ (Mongolian script)
𑧍𑧎𑦽𑧚 (Nandinagari script)
𑐳𑐴𑐟𑐾 (Newa script)
ସହତେ (Odia script)
ꢱꢲꢡꢾ (Saurashtra script)
𑆱𑆲𑆠𑆼 (Sharada script)
𑖭𑖮𑖝𑖸 (Siddham script)
සහතෙ (Sinhalese script)
𑪁𑪂𑩫𑩔 (Soyombo script)
𑚨𑚩𑚙𑚲 (Takri script)
ஸஹதே (Tamil script)
సహతే (Telugu script)
สหเต (Thai script)
ས་ཧ་ཏེ (Tibetan script)
𑒮𑒯𑒞𑒹 (Tirhuta script)
𑨰𑨱𑨙𑨄 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-

Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáȷ́ʰatay

Sanskrit सहते (sahate)

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *sáźʰatay, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáȷ́ʰatay, from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to hold, overpower”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔχω (ékhō).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ́.ɦɐ.tɐj/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈs̪ɐ.ɦɐ.t̪eː/

Verb

सहते • (sáhate) third-singular indicative (class 1, type A, present, root सह्)

to overcome, vanquish, conquer, prevail, be victorious
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
- c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa
to be able to or capable of (with infinitive or accusative)
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
to withstand, bear up against, resist
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
to bear, put up with, endure, tolerate
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

Conjugation

Present: सहते (sáhate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	सहते sáhate	सहेते sáhete	सहन्ते sáhante
Second	- -	- -	- -	सहसे sáhase	सहेथे sáhethe	सहध्वे sáhadhve
First	- -	- -	- -	सहे sáhe	सहावहे sáhāvahe	सहामहे sáhāmahe
Imperative
Third	- -	- -	- -	सहताम् sáhatām	सहेताम् sáhetām	सहन्ताम् sáhantām
Second	- -	- -	- -	सहस्व sáhasva	सहेथाम् sáhethām	सहध्वम् sáhadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	सहै sáhai	सहावहै sáhāvahai	सहामहै sáhāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	- -	- -	- -	सहेत sáheta	सहेयाताम् sáheyātām	सहेरन् sáheran
Second	- -	- -	- -	सहेथाः sáhethāḥ	सहेयाथाम् sáheyāthām	सहेध्वम् sáhedhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	सहेय sáheya	सहेवहि sáhevahi	सहेमहि sáhemahi
Subjunctive
Third	- -	- -	- -	सहाते / सहातै sáhāte / sáhātai	सहैते sáhaite	सहन्त / सहान्तै sáhanta / sáhāntai
Second	- -	- -	- -	सहासे / सहासै sáhāse / sáhāsai	सहैथे sáhaithe	सहाध्वै sáhādhvai
First	- -	- -	- -	सहै sáhai	सहावहै sáhāvahai	सहामहै sáhāmahai
Participles
	- -			सहमान sáhamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit.

Imperfect: असहत (ásahata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	असहत ásahata	असहेताम् ásahetām	असहन्त ásahanta
Second	- -	- -	- -	असहथाः ásahathāḥ	असहेथाम् ásahethām	असहध्वम् ásahadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	असहे ásahe	असहावहि ásahāvahi	असहामहि ásahāmahi

Related terms

साढ (sā́ḍha)
सहस् (sáhas)
सीक्षते (sī́kṣate)
साढृ (sā́ḍhṛ)
साळ्हृ (sā́ḷhṛ)

Descendants

Pali: sahati
Prakrit: 𑀲𑀳𑀇 (sahaï) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed terms

→ Kannada: ಸಹಿಸು (sahisu)
→ Tamil: சகி (caki)
→ Telugu: సహించు (sahiñcu)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “सहते”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1192, column 3.

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